{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T16:55:55Z","timestamp":1781369755077,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,5]],"date-time":"2016-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-11-BLAN-BS56-018-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-BLAN-BS56-018-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201204680026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201204680026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science Fund of China","award":["41276184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41276184"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Nos XDA11020403, GJHZ1207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Nos XDA11020403, GJHZ1207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Remote Sensing and Acoustics","award":["KHYS1401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KHYS1401"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Remote sensing of suspended particulate matter, SPM, from space has long been used to assess its spatio-temporal variability in various coastal areas. The associated algorithms were generally site specific or developed over a relatively narrow range of concentration, which make them inappropriate for global applications (or at least over broad SPM range). In the frame of the GlobCoast project, a large in situ data set of SPM and remote sensing reflectance, Rrs(\u03bb), has been built gathering together measurements from various coastal areas around Europe, French Guiana, North Canada, Vietnam, and China. This data set covers various contrasting coastal environments diversely affected by different biogeochemical and physical processes such as sediment resuspension, phytoplankton bloom events, and rivers discharges (Amazon, Mekong, Yellow river, MacKenzie, etc.). The SPM concentration spans about four orders of magnitude, from 0.15 to 2626 g\u00b7m\u22123. Different empirical and semi-analytical approaches developed to assess SPM from Rrs(\u03bb) were tested over this in situ data set. As none of them provides satisfactory results over the whole SPM range, a generic semi-analytical approach has been developed. This algorithm is based on two standard semi-analytical equations calibrated for low-to-medium and highly turbid waters, respectively. A mixing law has also been developed for intermediate environments. Sources of uncertainties in SPM retrieval such as the bio-optical variability, atmospheric correction errors, and spectral bandwidth have been evaluated. The coefficients involved in these different algorithms have been calculated for ocean color (SeaWiFS, MODIS-A\/T, MERIS\/OLCI, VIIRS) and high spatial resolution (LandSat8-OLI, and Sentinel2-MSI) sensors. The performance of the proposed algorithm varies only slightly from one sensor to another demonstrating the great potential applicability of the proposed approach over global and contrasting coastal waters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8030211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,7]],"date-time":"2016-03-07T10:25:00Z","timestamp":1457346300000},"page":"211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Development of a Semi-Analytical Algorithm for the Retrieval of Suspended Particulate Matter from Remote Sensing over Clear to Very Turbid Waters"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5189-7116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Ocean Technology Center (NOTC), 219 Jieyuanxi Rd., Tianjin 300112, China"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 du Littoral C\u00f4te d\u2019Opale (ULCO), Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anologie et de G\u00e9osciences (LOG), 62930 Wimereux, France"},{"name":"School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), 219 Jingning 6 Rd., Nanjing210044, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Loisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 du Littoral C\u00f4te d\u2019Opale (ULCO), Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anologie et de G\u00e9osciences (LOG), 62930 Wimereux, France"},{"name":"Institut de Recherche Pour le D\u00e9veloppement (IRD), Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, UPS (OMP), UMR 5566 LEGOS, 14 av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"Space Technology Institute (STI), Vietnam Academy of Science &amp; Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, CauGiay, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Vantrepotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 du Littoral C\u00f4te d\u2019Opale (ULCO), Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anologie et de G\u00e9osciences (LOG), 62930 Wimereux, France"},{"name":"CNRS Guyane, USR3456, 97334 Cayenne Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"M\u00e9riaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 du Littoral C\u00f4te d\u2019Opale (ULCO), Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anologie et de G\u00e9osciences (LOG), 62930 Wimereux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Bry\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACRI-HE, 8 Quai de la douane, 29200 Brest, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7964-7787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvain","family":"Ouillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche Pour le D\u00e9veloppement (IRD), Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, UPS (OMP), UMR 5566 LEGOS, 14 av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"Department Water-Environment-Oceanography, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, CauGiay, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Dessailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 du Littoral C\u00f4te d\u2019Opale (ULCO), Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anologie et de G\u00e9osciences (LOG), 62930 Wimereux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9136-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianguo","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17 Chunhui Rd, Yantai 264003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Ocean Technology Center (NOTC), 219 Jieyuanxi Rd., Tianjin 300112, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2014.05.006","article-title":"Variability of suspended particulate matter concentration in coastal waters under the Mekong\u2019s influence from ocean color (MERIS) remote sensing over the last decade","volume":"150","author":"Loisel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Remote Sens. 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