{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T23:05:19Z","timestamp":1767827119885,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,12]],"date-time":"2016-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41325004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41325004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41471308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41471308"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41276184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41276184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41571361"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41571361"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"program of investigation and analysis about the ocean optical properties in Chinese Yellow Sea and Bohai sea","award":["G1400519"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G1400519"]}]},{"name":"program of investigation and study on the ocean optics and remote sensing in China offshore","award":["908-ZC-I-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["908-ZC-I-04"]}]},{"name":"China\u2019s 863 program","award":["2013AA12A302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013AA12A302"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) classification of coastal waters is a useful tool to monitor environmental processes and manage marine environmental resources. This study presents classification work for data sets that were collected in the Yellow Sea during six cruises (spring and autumn, 2003; summer and winter, 2006\/2007; and spring and autumn, 2007). Specifically, we analyzed classification features of Rrs spectra and obtained spatio-temporal characteristics of reflectance and bio-optical properties in the coastal waters. Yellow Sea waters were classified into the following four typical regions based on their spatial distribution characteristics: middle of the Yellow Sea (MYS), north Yellow Sea (NYS), coastal Shandong (CS), and Jiangsu shoal (JS), and five water type categories consisting of Classes A\u2013E were used to represent water colors from clear to very turbid. Application of this classification scheme to Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) imagery revealed seasonal variations in the data, which suggests that the water types have both significant temporal and spatial distributions. In particular, the area of Class E waters in the Jiangsu shoal tended to gradually shrink in summer and expand in winter. The spatio-temporal variability was due to the influence of various environmental factors such as currents, tidal activity, fresh water discharges, monsoon winds, and typhoons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8040321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,12]],"date-time":"2016-04-12T10:57:33Z","timestamp":1460458653000},"page":"321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Spectral Classification of the Yellow Sea and Implications for Coastal Ocean Color Remote Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9114-205X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huping","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"National Ocean Technology Center, No. 219 Jieyuanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300112, China"},{"name":"National Remote Sensing Center of China, No. 8A Liulinguan Nanli, Haidian District, Beijing 100036, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8590-9736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junsheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Tongji","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Ocean Technology Center, No. 219 Jieyuanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300112, China"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Ocean Technology Center, No. 219 Jieyuanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300112, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Ocean Technology Center, No. 219 Jieyuanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300112, China"}]},{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Remote Sensing Center of China, No. 8A Liulinguan Nanli, Haidian District, Beijing 100036, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0319-7753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Robinson, I.S., Antoine, D., Darecki, M., Gorringe, P., Pettersson, L., Ruddick, K., Santoleri, R., Siegel, H., Vincent, P., and Wernand, M. 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