{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T03:06:18Z","timestamp":1782875178989,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,31]],"date-time":"2016-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NASA Earth and Space Science student Fellowship","award":["NNX09AO27H"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX09AO27H"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater wetland in China, provides critical habitat for wintering waterbirds from the East Asian Flyway; however, landscape drivers of non-uniform bird diversity and abundance are not yet well understood. Using a winter 2006 waterbird survey, we examined the relationships among metrics of bird community diversity and abundance and landscape characteristics of 51 wetland sub-lakes derived by an object-based classification of Landsat satellite data. Relative importance of predictors and their sets was assessed using information-theoretic model selection and the Akaike Information Criterion. Ordinary least squares regression models were diagnosed and corrected for spatial autocorrelation using spatial autoregressive lag and error models. The strongest and most consistent landscape predictors included Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for mudflat (negative effect) and emergent grassland (positive effect), total sub-lake area (positive effect), and proportion of submerged vegetation (negative effect). Significant spatial autocorrelation in linear regression was associated with local clustering of response and predictor variables, and should be further explored for selection of wetland sampling units and management of protected areas. Overall, results corroborate the utility of remote sensing to elucidate potential indicators of waterbird diversity that complement logistically challenging ground observations and offer new hypotheses on factors underlying community distributions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8060462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,31]],"date-time":"2016-05-31T10:40:18Z","timestamp":1464691218000},"page":"462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Landscape-Level Associations of Wintering Waterbird Diversity and Abundance from Remotely Sensed Wetland Characteristics of Poyang Lake"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3339-3704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iryna","family":"Dronova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Landscape Architecture &amp; Environmental Planning, College of Environmental Design, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-2000, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Beissinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Division of Ecosystem Science, College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Burnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1598, USA"},{"name":"The International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, WI 53913, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Division of Ecosystem Science, College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA"},{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"},{"name":"Poyang Lake Ecological Research Station for Environment and Health, Duchang 332600, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1890\/1540-9295(2006)004[0369:BCITLO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Biodiversity changes in the lakes of the Central Yangtze","volume":"4","author":"Fang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Environ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1017\/S1464793105006950","article-title":"Freshwater biodiversity: Importance, threats, status and conservation challenges","volume":"81","author":"Dudgeon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1579\/0044-7447(2007)36[335:CNWPPC]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"China\u2019s natural wetlands: Past problems, current status, and future challenges","volume":"36","author":"An","year":"2007","journal-title":"AMBIO"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959270908000439","article-title":"Key conservation issues for migratory land- and waterbird species on the world\u2019s major flyways","volume":"18","author":"Kirby","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bird Conserv. Int."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/19475705.2011.588253","article-title":"Wetland changes and droughts in southwestern China","volume":"3","author":"Cao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geomat. Nat. Hazards Risk"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-010-0088-2","article-title":"Comparing the Community Composition of European and Eastern Chinese Waterbirds and the Influence of Human Factors on the China Waterbird Community","volume":"40","author":"Cao","year":"2011","journal-title":"AMBIO"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/fwb.12694","article-title":"Causality between abundance and diversity is weak for wintering migratory waterbirds","volume":"61","author":"Guan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Freshw. Biol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1111\/fwb.12216","article-title":"Optimising hydrological conditions to sustain wintering waterbird populations in Poyang Lake National Natural Reserve: Implications for dam operations","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Freshw. Biol."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Ramsar Convention the List of Wetlands of International Importance, 2016. The Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971). Available online: http:\/\/www.ramsar.org\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/library\/sitelist.pdf."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.07.006","article-title":"Object-based analysis and change detection of major wetland cover types and their classification uncertainty during the low water period at Poyang Lake, China","volume":"115","author":"Dronova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2012.01.014","article-title":"Assessment of inundation changes of Poyang Lake using MODIS observations between 2000 and 2010","volume":"121","author":"Feng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17136","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17136","article-title":"Effect of conservation efforts and ecological variables on waterbird population sizes in wetlands of the Yangtze River","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1675\/1524-4695(2007)030[0541:WRTCIH]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Waterbird response to changes in habitat area and diversity generated by rainfall in a SW Atlantic coastal lagoon","volume":"30","author":"Canepuccia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Waterbirds"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018333328680","article-title":"Mapping of biological diversity in Sahel by means of satellite image analyses and ornithological surveys","volume":"6","author":"Nohr","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.2307\/2404750","article-title":"The habitat associations of dunlin (Calidris alpina) in the Flow Country of northern Scotland and an improved model for predicting habitat quality","volume":"33","author":"Lavers","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"2","article-title":"Alameda Song Sparrow Abundance Related to Salt Marsh Vegetation Patch Size and Shape Metrics Quantified from Remote Sensing Imagery","volume":"12","author":"Moffett","year":"2014","journal-title":"San Franc. Estuary Watershed Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2193\/2008-577","article-title":"Effects of Local and Landscape Variables on Wetland Bird Habitat Use during Migration through the Rainwater Basin","volume":"74","author":"Webb","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Manag."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-013-1560-3","article-title":"Environmental factors shaping the distribution of common wintering waterbirds in a lake ecosystem with developed shoreline","volume":"716","author":"Pap","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1672\/0277-5212(2001)021[0041:LALLIO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Local and landscape-level influences on wetland bird communities of the prairie pothole region of Iowa, USA","volume":"21","author":"Fairbairn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wetlands"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1086\/345459","article-title":"The effect of energy and seasonality on avian species richness and community composition","volume":"161","author":"Hurlbert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. Nat."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G00E06","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JG000883","article-title":"Remote sensing of vegetation 3-D structure for biodiversity and habitat: Review and implications for lidar and radar spaceborne missions","volume":"114","author":"Bergen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2006.01.011","article-title":"Using satellite time-series data sets to analyze fire disturbance and forest recovery across Canada","volume":"101","author":"Goetz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466-822X.2004.00095.x","article-title":"Summer vegetation, deglaciation and the anomalous bird diversity gradient in eastern North America","volume":"13","author":"Hawkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3675","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160701772534","article-title":"Accurate prediction of bird species richness patterns in an urban environment using Landsat-derived NDVI and spectral unmixing","volume":"29","author":"Bino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wood, E.M., Pidgeon, A.M., Radeloff, V.C., and Keuler, N.S. (2013). Image Texture Predicts Avian Density and Species Richness. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063211"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.11.004","article-title":"Modeling broad-scale patterns of avian species richness across the Midwestern United States with measures of satellite image texture","volume":"118","author":"Culbert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/02757250109532435","article-title":"A review of wetlands remote sensing and defining new considerations","volume":"20","author":"Rundquist","year":"2001","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Rev."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020908432489","article-title":"Satellite remote sensing of wetlands","volume":"10","author":"Ozesmi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wetl. Ecol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2008.08.014","article-title":"Analyzing the habitat suitability for migratory birds at the Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve in Shanghai, China","volume":"80","author":"Tian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Richmond, O.M.W. (2010). Inferring Ecological Relationships from Occupancy Patterns for California Black Rails in the Sierra Nevada Foothills. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of California Berkeley]."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6380","DOI":"10.3390\/rs70506380","article-title":"Object-Based Image Analysis in Wetland Research: A Review","volume":"7","author":"Dronova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2009.06.004","article-title":"Object based image analysis for remote sensing","volume":"65","author":"Blaschke","year":"2010","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.2307\/143141","article-title":"Computer movie simulating urban growth in Detroit region","volume":"46","author":"Tobler","year":"1970","journal-title":"Econ. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.2307\/1939924","article-title":"Spatial autocorrelation\u2014Trouble or new paradigm?","volume":"74","author":"Legendre","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0462(95)02111-6","article-title":"Simple diagnostic tests for spatial dependence","volume":"26","author":"Anselin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Reg. Sci. Urban Econ."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1890\/04-0576","article-title":"Model selection for geostatistical models","volume":"16","author":"Hoeting","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-011-0054-8","article-title":"Geostatistical modelling of regional bird species richness: Exploring environmental proxies for conservation purpose","volume":"20","author":"Bacaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2007.0906-7590.05171.x","article-title":"Methods to account for spatial autocorrelation in the analysis of species distributional data: A review","volume":"30","author":"Dormann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecography"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2006.12.012","article-title":"Incorporating spatial dependence in predictive vegetation models","volume":"202","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Barzen, J. (2008). Phase 1 Report: How Development Projects May Impact Wintering Waterbirds at Poyang Lake, International Crane Foundation. Available online: https:\/\/www.savingcranes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/Phase%201%20Report_English.pdf."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Available online: http:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Qian, F., Yu, C., and Jiang, H. (2009, January 14\u201315). Ground and aerial surveys of wintering waterbirds in Poyang Lake basin. Proceedings of the UNEP\/GEF Siberian Crane Wetland Project\u2014Project Completion Workshop, Harbin, China."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Burnham, J. (2007). Environmental Drivers of Siberian Crane (Grus Leucogeranus) Habitat Selection and Wetland Management and Conservation in China. [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Wisconsin]."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"51","article-title":"Analysis on the Waterbirds Community Survey of Poyang Lake in Winter","volume":"13","author":"Ji","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geogr. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Barzen, J. (2009). Phase 2 Report: Potential Impacts of a Water Control Structure on the Abundance and Distribution of Wintering Waterbirds at Poyang Lake, International Crane Foundation. Available online: https:\/\/www.savingcranes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/05\/Phase%202%20Report_English.pdf."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"Wu, G. (2008). Impact of Human Activities on Water Level and Clarity and Underwater Light Climate of Vallisneria Spiralis L. in Poyang Lake, China. [Ph.D. Thesis, Wageningen University]."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Finlayson, M., Harris, J., McCartney, M., Young, L., and Chen, Z. Report on Ramsar Visit to Poyang Lake Ramsar Site, P.R. China 12\u201317 April 2010, The Ramsar Convention of Wetlands. Available online: http:\/\/archive.ramsar.org\/pdf\/Poyang_lake_report_v8.pdf."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2011.11.027","article-title":"Effects of the Three Gorges Dam on Yangtze River flow and river interaction with Poyang Lake, China: 2003\u20132008","volume":"416","author":"Guo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959270911000542","article-title":"The changing abundance and distribution of Greater White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons in the Yangtze River floodplain: Impacts of recent hydrological changes","volume":"22","author":"Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bird Conserv. Int."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s11434-013-0045-0","article-title":"Monitoring dynamic changes of global land cover types: Fluctuations of major lakes in China every 8 days during 2000\u20132010","volume":"59","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. Sci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2014.10.027","article-title":"Mapping dynamic cover types in a large seasonally flooded wetland using extended principal component analysis and object-based classification","volume":"158","author":"Dronova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2014.10.003","article-title":"Four decades of winter wetland changes in Poyang Lake based on Landsat observations between 1973 and 2013","volume":"156","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Tolvanen, P., \u00d8ien, I.J., and Ruokolainen, K. (2000). Fennoscandian Lesser White-fronted Goose Conservation Project. Annual Report 1999, WWF Finland Report No 12 and Norwegian Ornithological Society, NOF Rapportserie Report no. 1-2000."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"451","article-title":"Abundance, Distribution and Diversity Variations of Wintering Water Birds in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province, China","volume":"46","author":"Shao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pak. J. Zool."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.1307","article-title":"Flood frequency in China\u2019s Poyang Lake region: Trends and teleconnections","volume":"26","author":"Shankman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Climatol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2747\/1548-1603.46.1.101","article-title":"Inundation Extent and Flood Frequency Mapping Using LANDSAT Imagery and Digital Elevation Models","volume":"46","author":"Qi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gisci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2012.09.018","article-title":"Landscape analysis of wetland plant functional types: The effects of image segmentation scale, vegetation classes and classification methods","volume":"127","author":"Dronova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2012.07.003","article-title":"A new time series vegetation-water index of phenological-hydrological trait across species and functional types for Poyang Lake wetland ecosystem","volume":"125","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.1154","article-title":"Declines in the tuber-feeding waterbird guild at Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve, China\u2014A barometer of submerged macrophyte collapse","volume":"21","author":"Fox","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aquat. Conserv. Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst."},{"key":"ref_60","unstructured":"Kwaiser, K. (2009). Accounting for Observation Uncertainty in Species-Habitat Models: A Case Study Using Bird Survey Data from Poyang Lake, China. [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Michigan]."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"1","article-title":"Results of a survey for waterbirds in the lower Yangtze floodplain, China, in January\u2013February 2004","volume":"21","author":"Barter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Forktail"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2014.01.041","article-title":"Normalized difference vegetation index dynamic and spatiotemporal distribution of migratory birds in the Poyang Lake wetland, China","volume":"47","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"311","article-title":"Foraging Guilds of Waterbirds Wintering in a Mediterranean Coastal Wetland","volume":"49","author":"Liordos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Zool. Stud."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2009.01.007","article-title":"Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors","volume":"113","author":"Chander","year":"2009","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1109\/36.581987","article-title":"Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum, 6S: An overview","volume":"35","author":"Vermote","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_66","unstructured":"6SV\u2013MODIS Land Surface Reflectance Science Computing Facility. Available online: http:\/\/6s.ltdri.org\/."},{"key":"ref_67","unstructured":"ESRI Data Basemaps. Available online: http:\/\/www.esri.com\/data\/basemaps."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"Trimble Documentation (2012). eCognition Reference Book v. 8.8 2012, Trimble Germany GmbH."},{"key":"ref_69","unstructured":"NASA\/NGA Commercial Data Access, Available online: http:\/\/cad4nasa.gsfc.nasa.gov\/."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1145\/1656274.1656278","article-title":"The WEKA Data Mining Software: An Update","volume":"11","author":"Hall","year":"2009","journal-title":"ACM SIGKDD Explor. Newslett."},{"key":"ref_71","unstructured":"Burnham, K.P., and Anderson, D.R. (2002). Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach, Springer. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"Jackman, S. pscl: Classes and Methods for R Developed in the Political Science Computational Laboratory, Stanford University. Department of Political Science, Stanford University. Stanford, California. R package Version 1.4.9. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/pscl\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v027.i08","article-title":"Regression models for count data in R","volume":"27","author":"Zeileis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x","article-title":"Local indicators of spatial autocorrelation\u2014LISA","volume":"27","author":"Anselin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0016-7363.2005.00671.x","article-title":"GeoDa: An introduction to spatial data analysis","volume":"38","author":"Anselin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0587.2009.05880.x","article-title":"A diversity of beta diversities: Straightening up a concept gone awry. Part 1. Defining beta diversity as a function of alpha and gamma diversity","volume":"33","author":"Tuomisto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecography"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(01)00268-3","article-title":"Responses of waterbirds to flooding in an arid region of Australia and implications for conservation","volume":"106","author":"Roshier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-011-0096-y","article-title":"Pasture area and landscape heterogeneity are key determinants of bird diversity in intensively managed farmland","volume":"20","author":"Cerezo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2010.03536.x","article-title":"Sources of variability in canopy reflectance and the convergent properties of plants","volume":"189","author":"Ollinger","year":"2011","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(99)00057-7","article-title":"Relationships between leaf area index and Landsat TM spectral vegetation indices across three temperate zone sites","volume":"70","author":"Turner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2006.11.016","article-title":"Laser remote sensing of canopy habitat heterogeneity as a predictor of bird species richness in an eastern temperate forest, USA","volume":"108","author":"Goetz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1672\/0277-5212(2004)024[0633:PAPEIS]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Perspectives and policies: Ecological industry substitutes in wetland restoration of the Middle Yangtze","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wetlands"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2006.05.033","article-title":"The change of gaseous carbon fluxes following the switch of dominant producers from macrophytes to algae in a shallow subtropical lake of China","volume":"40","author":"Xing","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0587.2002.250508.x","article-title":"The consequences of spatial structure for the design and analysis of ecological field surveys","volume":"25","author":"Legendre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ecography"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2009.12.002","article-title":"Use of textural measurements to map invasive wetland plants in the Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve with IKONOS satellite imagery","volume":"114","author":"Laba","year":"2010","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2664.2002.00763.x","article-title":"Waterbird responses to experimental drawdown: Implications for the multispecies management of wetland mosaics","volume":"39","author":"Taft","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/8\/6\/462\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:24:46Z","timestamp":1760210686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/8\/6\/462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,31]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["rs8060462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs8060462","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,31]]}}}