{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T15:11:31Z","timestamp":1767625891364,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,13]],"date-time":"2016-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Forestry Public Welfare Project","award":["201304208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201304208"]}]},{"name":"the Doctorate Fellowship Foundation of Nanjing Forestry University"},{"name":"the PAPD (Priority Academic Program Development) of Jiangsu provincial universities"},{"name":"the \u201c948\u201d Project sponsored by the State Forestry Administration (SFA) of China","award":["2014-4-25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-4-25"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31270587"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31270587"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["KYLX15_0908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYLX15_0908"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spatially explicit knowledge of aboveground biomass (AGB) in large areas is important for accurate carbon accounting and quantifying the effect of forest disturbance on the terrestrial carbon cycle. We estimated AGB from 1990 to 2011 in northern Guangdong, China, based on a spatially explicit dataset derived from six years of national forest inventory (NFI) plots, Landsat time series imagery (1986\u20132011) and Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radars (PALSAR) 25 m mosaic data (2007\u20132010). Four types of variables were derived for modeling and assessment. The random forest approach was used to seek the optimal variables for mapping and validation. The root mean square error (RMSE) of plot-level validation was between 6.44 and 39.49 (t\/ha), the normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE) was between 7.49% and 19.01% and mean absolute error (MAE) was between 5.06 and 23.84 t\/ha. The highest coefficient of determination R2 of 0.8 and the lowest NRMSE of 7.49% were reported in 2006. A clear increasing trend of mean AGB from the lowest value of 13.58 t\/ha to the highest value of 66.25 t\/ha was witnessed between 1988 and 2000, while after 2000 there was a fluctuating ascending change, with a peak mean AGB of 67.13 t\/ha in 2004. By integrating AGB change with forest disturbance, the trend in disturbance area closely corresponded with the trend in AGB decrease. To determine the driving forces of these changes, the correlation analysis was adopted and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method was used to find a factor rotation that maximizes this variance and represents the dominant factors of nine climate elements and nine human activities elements affecting the AGB dynamics. Overall, human activities contributed more to short-term AGB dynamics than climate data. Harvesting and human-induced fire in combination with rock desertification and global warming made a strong contribution to AGB changes. This study provides valuable information for the relationships between forest AGB and climate as well as forest disturbance in subtropical zones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8070595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,13]],"date-time":"2016-07-13T09:48:45Z","timestamp":1468403325000},"page":"595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Quantifying Live Aboveground Biomass and Forest Disturbance of Mountainous Natural and Plantation Forests in Northern Guangdong, China, Based on Multi-Temporal Landsat, PALSAR and Field Plot Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6935-1939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}]},{"given":"Mingshi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}]},{"given":"Chengquan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA"}]},{"given":"Anshi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Center for Forest Resources Monitoring, Guangzhou 510173, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2005.00955.x","article-title":"Aboveground forest biomass and the global carbon balance","volume":"11","author":"Houghton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glob. 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