{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T16:22:15Z","timestamp":1776183735791,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARC-1023371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARC-1023371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX15AG68G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX15AG68G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000192","name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000192","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, six Arctic sea ice thickness products are compared: the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder-extended (APP-x), ICESat, CryoSat-2, SMOS, NASA IceBridge aircraft flights, and the Pan-Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS). The satellite products are based on three different retrieval methods: an energy budget approach, measurements of ice freeboard, and the relationship between passive microwave brightness temperatures and thin ice thickness. Inter-comparisons are done for the periods of overlap from 2003 to 2013. Results show that ICESat sea ice is thicker than APP-x and PIOMAS overall, particularly along the north coast of Greenland and Canadian Archipelago. The relative differences of APP-x and PIOMAS with ICESat are \u22120.48 m and \u22120.31 m, respectively. APP-x underestimates thickness relative to CryoSat-2, with a mean difference of \u22120.19 m. The biases for APP-x, PIOMAS, and CryoSat-2 relative to IceBridge thicknesses are 0.18 m, 0.18 m, and 0.29 m. The mean difference between SMOS and CryoSat-2 for 0~1 m thick ice is 0.13 m in March and \u22120.24 m in October. All satellite-retrieved ice thickness products and PIOMAS overestimate the thickness of thin ice (1 m or less) compared to IceBridge for which SMOS has the smallest bias (0.26 m). The spatial correlation between the datasets indicates that APP-x and PIOMAS are the most similar, followed by APP-x and CryoSat-2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8090713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T09:56:03Z","timestamp":1472550963000},"page":"713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Comparison of Arctic Sea Ice Thickness from Satellites, Aircraft, and PIOMAS Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5893-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuanji","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS)\/Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC), UW-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6109-3050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Key","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Satellite Applications and Research, NOAA\/NESDIS, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"}]},{"given":"Jinlun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th St., Seattle, WA 98105, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(1995)008<0449:TROSII>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The role of sea ice in 2 \u00d7 CO2 climate model sensitivity. 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