{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T02:10:20Z","timestamp":1782958220874,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]],"date-time":"2017-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Within the context of climate change, it is of utmost importance to quantify the stability of ecosystems with respect to climate anomalies. It is well acknowledged that ecosystem stability may change over time. As these temporal stability changes may provide a warning for increased vulnerability of the system, this study provides a methodology to quantify and assess these temporal changes in vegetation stability. Within this framework, vegetation stability changes were quantified over Australia from 1982 to 2006 using GIMMS NDVI and climate time series (i.e., SPEI (Standardized Precipitation and Evaporation Index)). Starting from a stability assessment on the complete time series, we aim to assess: (i) the magnitude and direction of stability changes; and (ii) the similarity in these changes for different stability metrics, i.e., the standard deviation of the NDVI anomaly (SD), auto-correlation at lag one of the NDVI anomaly (AC) and the correlation of NDVI anomaly with SPEI (CS). Results show high variability in magnitude and direction for the different stability metrics. Large areas and types of Australian vegetation showed an increase in variability (SD) over time; however, vegetation memory (AC) decreased. The association of NDVI anomalies with drought events (CS) showed a mixed response: the association increased in the western part, while it decreased in the eastern part. This methodology shows the potential for quantifying vegetation responses to major climate shifts and land use change, but results could be enhanced with higher resolution time series data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9010034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]],"date-time":"2017-01-04T09:39:32Z","timestamp":1483522772000},"page":"34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Assessment of Regional Vegetation Response to Climate Anomalies: A Case Study for Australia Using GIMMS NDVI Time Series between 1982 and 2006"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Wanda","family":"De Keersmaecker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium"},{"name":"Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1622-0177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stef","family":"Lhermitte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoscience &amp; Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4570-7467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth System Science and Policy, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA"},{"name":"CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Tits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Remote Sensing Department, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Antwerp Mol 2400, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pol","family":"Coppin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7875-107X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Somers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoser.2015.01.006","article-title":"Mapping ecosystem services across scales and continents: A review","volume":"13","author":"Malinga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecosyst. 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