{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T21:56:22Z","timestamp":1775598982401,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]],"date-time":"2017-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leaf area index (LAI) is a key input in models describing biosphere processes and has widely been used in monitoring crop growth and in yield estimation. In this study, a hybrid inversion method is developed to estimate LAI values of winter oilseed rape during growth using high spatial resolution optical satellite data covering a test site located in southeast China. Based on PROSAIL (coupling of PROSPECT and SAIL) simulation datasets, nine vegetation indices (VIs) were analyzed to identify the optimal independent variables for estimating LAI values. The optimal VIs were selected using curve fitting methods and the random forest algorithm. Hybrid inversion models were then built to determine the relationships between optimal simulated VIs and LAI values (generated by the PROSAIL model) using modeling methods, including curve fitting, k-nearest neighbor (kNN), and random forest regression (RFR). Finally, the mapping and estimation of winter oilseed rape LAI using reflectance obtained from Pleiades-1A, WorldView-3, SPOT-6, and WorldView-2 were implemented using the inversion method and the LAI estimation accuracy was validated using ground-measured datasets acquired during the 2014\u20132015 growing season. Our study indicates that based on the estimation results derived from different datasets, RFR is the optimal modeling algorithm amidst curve fitting and kNN with R2 &gt; 0.954 and RMSE &lt;0.218. Using the optimal VIs, the remote sensing-based mapping of winter oilseed rape LAI yielded an accuracy of R2 = 0.520 and RMSE = 0.923 (RRMSE = 93.7%). These results have demonstrated the potential operational applicability of the hybrid method proposed in this study for the mapping and retrieval of winter oilseed rape LAI values at field scales using multi-source and high spatial resolution optical remote sensing datasets. Details provided by this high resolution mapping cannot be easily discerned at coarser mapping scales and over larger spatial extents that usually employ lower resolution satellite images. Our study therefore has significant implications for field crop monitoring at local scales, providing relevant data for agronomic practices and precision agriculture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9050488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]],"date-time":"2017-05-16T11:42:11Z","timestamp":1494934931000},"page":"488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Estimation and Mapping of Winter Oilseed Rape LAI from High Spatial Resolution Satellite Data Based on a Hybrid Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Chuanwen","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4627-6021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingfeng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9250-3657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lamin","family":"Mansaray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Department of Agro-Meteorology and Geo-Informatics, Magbosi Land, Water and Environment Research Centre (MLWERC), Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI), Tower Hill, Freetown PMB 1313, Sierra Leone"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenhai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Research Centre for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7799-1944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2307\/1942998","article-title":"Dynamics of canopy structure and light interception in Pinus-elliottii stands, North Florida","volume":"61","author":"Gholz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Econ. 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