{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T16:13:01Z","timestamp":1775664781803,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]],"date-time":"2017-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University College London (UCL)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically-Active Radiation (FAPAR) is an important parameter in climate and carbon cycle studies. In this paper, we use the Earth Observation Land Data Assimilation System (EO-LDAS) framework to retrieve FAPAR from observations of directional surface reflectance measurements from the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer(MISR) instrument. The procedure works by interpreting the reflectance data via the semi-discrete Radiative Transfer (RT) model, supported by a prior parameter distribution and a dynamic regularisation model and resulting in an inference of land surface parameters, such as effective Leaf Area Index (LAI), leaf chlorophyll concentration and fraction of senescent leaves, with full uncertainty quantification. The method is demonstrated over three agricultural FLUXNET sites, and the EO-LDAS results are compared with eight years of in situ measurements of FAPAR and LAI, resulting in a total of 24 site years. We additionally compare three other widely-used EO FAPAR products, namely the MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) Full Resolution, the MISR High Resolution (HR) Joint Research Centre Two-stream Inversion Package (JRC-TIP) and MODIS MCD15 FAPAR products. The EO-LDAS MISR FAPAR retrievals show a high correlation with the ground measurements ( r 2 &gt; 0.8), as well as the lowest average R M S E (0.14), in line with the MODIS product. As the EO-LDAS solution is effectively interpolated, if only measurements that are coincident with MISR observations are considered, the correlation increases ( r 2 &gt; 0.85); the R M S E is lower by 4\u20135%; and the bias is 2% and 7%. The EO-LDAS MISR LAI estimates show a strong correlation with ground-based LAI (average r 2 = 0.76), but an underestimate of LAI for optically-thick canopies due to saturation (average R M S E = 2.23). These results suggest that the EO-LDAS approach is successful in retrieving both FAPAR and other land surface parameters. A large part of this success is based on the use of a dynamic regularisation model that counteracts the poor temporal sampling from the MISR instrument.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9070656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T10:25:56Z","timestamp":1498645556000},"page":"656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Estimation of FAPAR over Croplands Using MISR Data and the Earth Observation Land Data Assimilation System (EO-LDAS)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2230-7391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxim","family":"Chernetskiy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4787-8307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose","family":"G\u00f3mez-Dans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"},{"name":"National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Gobron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate D\u2014Sustainable Resources, Knowledge for Sustainable Development and Food Security Unit, European Commission Joint Research Centre, TP 122, Via Enrico Fermi, 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate D\u2014Sustainable Resources, Knowledge for Sustainable Development and Food Security Unit, European Commission Joint Research Centre, TP 122, Via Enrico Fermi, 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9047-9179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"},{"name":"National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6016-3747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sina","family":"Truckenbrodt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geography, Department for Earth Observation, Friedrich Schiller University, Grietgasse 6, 07743 Jena, Germany"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Schmullius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geography, Department for Earth Observation, Friedrich Schiller University, Grietgasse 6, 07743 Jena, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS) (2008). 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