{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T11:19:02Z","timestamp":1772018342859,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,29]],"date-time":"2017-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An anomalously high chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) event (&gt;2 mg\/m3) during June 2015 in the South Central Red Sea (17.5\u00b0 to 22\u00b0N, 37\u00b0 to 42\u00b0E) was observed using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data from the Terra and Aqua satellite platforms. This differs from the low Chl-a values (&lt;0.5 mg\/m3) usually encountered over the same region during summertime. To assess this anomaly and possible causes, we used a wide range of oceanographical and meteorological datasets, including Chl-a concentrations, sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface height (SSH), mixed layer depth (MLD), ocean current velocity and aerosol optical depth (AOD) obtained from different sensors and models. Findings confirmed this anomalous behavior in the spatial domain using Hovm\u00f6ller data analysis techniques, while a time series analysis addressed monthly and daily variability. Our analysis suggests that a combination of factors controlling nutrient supply contributed to the anomalous phytoplankton growth. These factors include horizontal transfer of upwelling water through eddy circulation and possible mineral fertilization from atmospheric dust deposition. Coral reefs might have provided extra nutrient supply, yet this is out of the scope of our analysis. We thought that dust deposition from a coastal dust jet event in late June, coinciding with the phytoplankton blooms in the area under investigation, might have also contributed as shown by our AOD findings. However, a lag cross correlation showed a two- month lag between strong dust outbreak and the high Chl-a anomaly. The high Chl-a concentration at the edge of the eddy emphasizes the importance of horizontal advection in fertilizing oligotrophic (nutrient poor) Red Sea waters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9080778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T03:30:06Z","timestamp":1501558206000},"page":"778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Synergistic Use of Remote Sensing and Modeling to Assess an Anomalously High Chlorophyll-a Event during Summer 2015 in the South Central Red Sea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Wenzhao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational and Data Sciences Graduate Program, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9876-3705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hesham","family":"El-Askary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in Earth Systems Modeling &amp; Observations, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA"},{"name":"Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharem Bek, Alexandria 21522, Egypt"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"ManiKandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Environment and Water, The Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Qurban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Environment and Water, The Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Geosciences Department, the college of Petroleum Engineering &amp; Geosciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1374-5074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Garay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1330-1529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Kalashnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Naval Oceanography Command Detachment (1993). 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