{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T14:57:15Z","timestamp":1777733835012,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]],"date-time":"2017-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Terrain surface displacements at a site can be induced by more than one geological process. In this work, we use advanced differential interferometry SAR (A-DInSAR) to measure ground deformation in Arcos de la Frontera (SW Spain), where severe damages related to landslide activity and subsidence have occurred in recent years. The damages are concentrated in two residential neighborhoods constructed between 2001 and 2006. One of the neighborhoods, called La Verbena, is located at the head of an active retrogressive landslide that has an extension of around 0.17 \u00d7 106 m2 and developed in weathered clayey soils. Landslide motion has caused building deterioration since they were constructed. After a heavy rainfall period in winter 2009\u20132010, the movement was accelerated, worsening the situation. The other neighborhood, Pueblos Blancos, was built over a poorly compacted artificial filling undergoing a spatially variable consolidation process which has also led to severe damage to buildings. For both cases, a short set of C-band data from the \u201cENVISAT 2010+\u201d project has been used to monitor surface displacement for the period spanning April 2011\u2013January 2012. In this work we characterize the mechanism of both ground deformation processes using in situ and remote sensing techniques along with a detailed geological interpretation and urban damage distribution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9080787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T03:30:06Z","timestamp":1501558206000},"page":"787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["A-DInSAR Monitoring of Landslide and Subsidence Activity: A Case of Urban Damage in Arcos de la Frontera, Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Bru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geosciences (CSIC, UCM), Fac. de Ciencias Matem\u00e1ticas, Plaza de Ciencias, 3, Madrid 28040,Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo J.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET) andDepartment of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa M.","family":"Mateos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geoscience Research Department, Geological Survey of Spain, Rios Rosas, 23, Madrid 28003, Spain"},{"name":"Geoscience Research Department, Geohazards InSAR Laboratory and Modeling Group (InSARlab),Geological Survey of Spain, Alenza 1, Madrid 28003, Spain"},{"name":"EuroGeoSurveys: Earth Observation and Geohazards Expert Group (EOEG), 36-38, Rue Joseph II, Brussels 1000, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Rold\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geoscience Research Department, Geological Survey of Spain, Rios Rosas, 23, Madrid 28003, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6633-9184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geoscience Research Department, Geological Survey of Spain, Rios Rosas, 23, Madrid 28003, Spain"},{"name":"Geoscience Research Department, Geohazards InSAR Laboratory and Modeling Group (InSARlab),Geological Survey of Spain, Alenza 1, Madrid 28003, Spain"},{"name":"EuroGeoSurveys: Earth Observation and Geohazards Expert Group (EOEG), 36-38, Rue Joseph II, Brussels 1000, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7449-4048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"B\u00e9jar-Pizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geoscience Research Department, Geological Survey of Spain, Rios Rosas, 23, Madrid 28003, Spain"},{"name":"Geoscience Research Department, Geohazards InSAR Laboratory and Modeling Group (InSARlab),Geological Survey of Spain, Alenza 1, Madrid 28003, Spain"},{"name":"EuroGeoSurveys: Earth Observation and Geohazards Expert Group (EOEG), 36-38, Rue Joseph II, Brussels 1000, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5745-3527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geosciences (CSIC, UCM), Fac. de Ciencias Matem\u00e1ticas, Plaza de Ciencias, 3, Madrid 28040,Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enggeo.2006.09.007","article-title":"Permanent Scatterers for landslide investigations: outcomes from the ESA-SLAM project","volume":"88","author":"Farina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eng. 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