{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:13:30Z","timestamp":1760242410507,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]],"date-time":"2017-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NEC05567","NE\/J011991\/1","NEC05782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NEC05567","NE\/J011991\/1","NEC05782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"GMEP","award":["C147\/2010\/11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C147\/2010\/11"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents an alternative approach for high spatial resolution vegetation productivity mapping at a regional scale, using a combination of Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) imagery and widely distributed ground-based Above-ground Net Primary Production (ANPP) estimates. Our method searches through all available single-date NDVI imagery to identify the images which give the best NDVI\u2013ANPP relationship. The derived relationships are then used to predict ANPP values outside of field survey plots. This approach enables the use of the high spatial resolution (30 m) Landsat 8 sensor, despite its low revisit frequency that is further reduced by cloud cover. This is one of few studies to investigate the NDVI\u2013ANPP relationship across a wide range of temperate habitats and strong relationships were observed (R2 = 0.706), which increased when only grasslands were considered (R2 = 0.833). The strongest NDVI\u2013ANPP relationships occurred during the spring \u201cgreen-up\u201d period. A reserved subset of 20% of ground-based ANPP estimates was used for validation and results showed that our method was able to estimate ANPP with a RMSE of 15\u201321%. This work is important because we demonstrate a general methodological framework for mapping of ANPP from local to regional scales, with the potential to be applied to any temperate ecosystems with a pronounced green up period. Our approach allows spatial extrapolation outside of field survey plots to produce a continuous surface product, useful for capturing spatial patterns and representing small-scale heterogeneity, and well-suited for modelling applications. The data requirements for implementing this approach are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9080801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]],"date-time":"2017-08-04T11:07:08Z","timestamp":1501844828000},"page":"801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Regional-Scale High Spatial Resolution Mapping of Aboveground Net Primary Productivity (ANPP) from Field Survey and Landsat Data: A Case Study for the Country of Wales"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0575-1236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Tebbs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK"},{"name":"Department of Geography, King\u2019s College London, Strand Campus, London WC2R 2LS, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0459-506X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Smart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Maskell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.1000364","article-title":"The functional role of producer diversity in ecosystems","volume":"98","author":"Cardinale","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. 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