{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:07:08Z","timestamp":1768468028303,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,19]],"date-time":"2017-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Monitoring fine particulate matter with diameters of less than 2.5 \u03bcm (PM2.5) is a critical endeavor in the Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei (BTH) region, which is one of the most polluted areas in China. Polar orbit satellites are limited by observation frequency, which is insufficient for understanding PM2.5 evolution. As a geostationary satellite, Himawari-8 can obtain hourly optical depths (AODs) and overcome the estimated PM2.5 concentrations with low time resolution. In this study, the evaluation of Himawari-8 AODs by comparing with Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) measurements showed Himawari-8 retrievals (Level 3) with a mild underestimate of about \u22120.06 and approximately 57% of AODs falling within the expected error established by the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) (\u00b1(0.05 + 0.15AOD)). Furthermore, the improved linear mixed-effect model was proposed to derive the surface hourly PM2.5 from Himawari-8 AODs from July 2015 to March 2017. The estimated hourly PM2.5 concentrations agreed well with the surface PM2.5 measurements with high R2 (0.86) and low RMSE (24.5 \u03bcg\/m3). The average estimated PM2.5 in the BTH region during the study time range was about 55 \u03bcg\/m3. The estimated hourly PM2.5 concentrations ranged extensively from 35.2 \u00b1 26.9 \u03bcg\/m3 (1600 local time) to 65.5 \u00b1 54.6 \u03bcg\/m3 (1100 local time) at different hours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9080858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,21]],"date-time":"2017-08-21T11:10:51Z","timestamp":1503313851000},"page":"858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Deriving Hourly PM2.5 Concentrations from Himawari-8 AODs over Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7930-9147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Feiyue","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Technology, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Zengxin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Technology, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Shenghui","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2016.06.018","article-title":"Can MODIS AOD be employed to derive PM2.5 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei over China?","volume":"181","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. 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