{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:14:14Z","timestamp":1760242454276,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002923","name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIP 2012-2014 N\u00ba0075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIP 2012-2014 N\u00ba0075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003074","name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICT 2012-2927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT 2012-2927"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Defensa","award":["PIDDEF 2014 N\u00ba26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIDDEF 2014 N\u00ba26"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to address the behaviour of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) in the context of a changing climate, linear and non-linear trends for the concentrations of these two trace gases were estimated over their seasonal standardised variables in the Southern Hemisphere\u2014between the Equator and 60\u00b0 S\u2014using data retrieved by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, for the period 2004\u20132016. A rescaling was applied to the calculated linear trends so that they are expressed in Dobson units (DU) per decade. Separately, the existence of monotonic\u2014not necessarily linear\u2014trends was addressed by means of the Mann-Kendall test. Results indicate that the SO2 exhibits significant linear trends in the planetary boundary layer only; they are present in all the analysed seasons but just in a small number of grid cells that are generally located over the landmasses or close to them. The SO2 concentrations in the quarterly time series exhibit, on average, a linear trend that is just below 0.08 DU decade\u22121 when significant and not significant values are considered altogether, but this figure increases to 0.80 DU decade\u22121 when only the significant trends are included. On the other hand, an important number of pixels in the lower troposphere, the middle troposphere, and the lower stratosphere have significant monotonic upward or downward trends. As for the NO2, no significant linear trends were found either in the troposphere or in the stratosphere, yet monotonic upward and downward trends were observed in the former and latter layers, respectively. Unlike the linear trends, semi-linear and non-linear trends were seen over the continents and in remote regions over the oceans. This suggests that pollutants are transported away from their sources by large-scale circulation and redistributed hemispherically. The combination of regional meteorological phenomena with atmospheric chemistry was raised as a possible explanation for the observed trends. If extrapolated, these trends are in an overall contradiction with the projected emissions of both gases for the current century.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9090891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T12:08:37Z","timestamp":1503922117000},"page":"891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Linear and Non-Linear Trends for Seasonal NO2 and SO2 Concentrations in the Southern Hemisphere (2004\u22122016)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3823-2291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Yuchechen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica Nacional (UTN), Facultad Regional Buenos Aires (FRBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo de las Ingenier\u00edas (UIDI), Buenos Aires C1407IVT, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Lakkis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica Argentina, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias Agrarias, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina"},{"name":"UTN, FRBA, UIDI, Buenos Aires C1407IVT, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Canziani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica Nacional (UTN), Facultad Regional Buenos Aires (FRBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo de las Ingenier\u00edas (UIDI), Buenos Aires C1407IVT, Argentina"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P.M. 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