{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T16:48:52Z","timestamp":1779295732120,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]],"date-time":"2017-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP160101598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP160101598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP110103118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP110103118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP140101552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP140101552"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE140100178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE140100178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Wollongong SMAH-UIC International Links Grant"},{"name":"Japanese Ministry of Environment"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005769","name":"National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) is a global network dedicated to the precise and accurate measurements of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. The TCCON station in Burgos, Ilocos Norte, Philippines was established with the primary purpose of validating the upcoming Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite-2 (GOSAT-2) mission and in general, to respond to the need for reliable ground-based validation data for satellite GHG observations in the region. Here, we present the first 4 months of data from the new TCCON site in Burgos, initial comparisons with satellite measurements of     C  O 2      and model simulations of     C O    . A nearest sounding from Japan\u2019s GOSAT as well as target mode observations from NASA\u2019s Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) showed very good consistency in the retrieved column-averaged dry air mole fractions of     C  O 2     , yielding TCCON - satellite differences of 0.86 \u00b1 1.06 ppm for GOSAT and 0.83 \u00b1 1.22 ppm for OCO-2. We also show measurements of enhanced     C O    , probably from East Asia. GEOS-Chem model simulations were used to study the observed     C O     variability. However, despite the model capturing the pattern of the     C O     variability, there is an obvious underestimation in the     C O     magnitude in the model. We conclude that more measurements and modeling are necessary to adequately sample the variability over different seasons and to determine the suitability of current inventories.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9121228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]],"date-time":"2017-11-28T11:23:50Z","timestamp":1511868230000},"page":"1228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["TCCON Philippines: First Measurement Results, Satellite Data and Model Comparisons in Southeast Asia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1376-438X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Voltaire","family":"Velazco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave., Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2720-1569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isamu","family":"Morino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Uchino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Hori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9784-962X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matth\u00e4us","family":"Kiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Bukosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave., Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2906-2577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Deutscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave., Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsu","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerry","family":"Bagtasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Science and Meteorology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Izumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3515-1488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukio","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave., Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2017, September 04). 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