{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T10:06:07Z","timestamp":1760522767348,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]],"date-time":"2010-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Further advances in molecular medicine and cell biology also require new electrochemical systems to detect disease biomarkers and therapeutic compounds. Microelectronic technology offers powerful circuits and systems to develop innovative and miniaturized biochips for sensing at the molecular level. However, microelectronic biochips proposed in the literature often do not show the right specificity, sensitivity, and reliability required by biomedical applications. Nanotechnology offers new materials and solutions to improve the surface properties of sensing probes. The aim of the present paper is to review the most recent progress in Nano-Bio-Technology in the area of the development of new electrochemical systems for molecular detection in personalized therapy and cell culture monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s100100526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,13]],"date-time":"2010-01-13T04:04:25Z","timestamp":1263355465000},"page":"526-543","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Nano-Bio-Technology and Sensing Chips: New Systems for Detection in Personalized Therapies and Cell Biology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sandro","family":"Carrara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Lausanne, (EPFL)-EPFL IC ISIM LSI1-INF 338 (B\u00e2timent INF), Station 14 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2174\/138920007779816002","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variability: a daunting challenge in drug therapy","volume":"8","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. 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