{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:37:47Z","timestamp":1760243867332,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,21]],"date-time":"2010-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study proposes a location-based hybrid routing protocol to improve data packet delivery and to reduce control message overhead in mobile ad hoc networks. In mobile environments, where nodes move continuously at a high speed, it is generally difficult to maintain and restore route paths. Therefore, this study suggests a new flooding mechanism to control route paths. The essence of the proposed scheme is its effective tracking of the destination\u2019s location based on the beacon messages of the main route nodes. Through experiments based on an NS-2 simulator, the proposed scheme shows improvements in the data packet delivery ratio and reduces the amount of routing control message overhead compared with existing routing protocols such as AODV, LAR, ZRP and AODV-DFR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s100100808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,21]],"date-time":"2010-01-21T08:53:33Z","timestamp":1264064013000},"page":"808-821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effective Route Maintenance and Restoration Schemes in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Byung-Seok","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea"}]},{"given":"In-Young","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Perkins, C.E., and Royer, E.M. (, January Feburary). Ad hoc on demand Distance Vector routing, mobile computing systems and applications. New Orleans, LA, USA."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, Y., Gerla, M., Chen, J., Zhou, B., and Caruso, A. (2006). Ad Hoc and Sensor Wireless Networks, Old City Publishing.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012369426-3\/50007-3"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Ko, Y.B., and Vaidya, N.H. (, January October). Location Aid Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks. Dallas, TX, USA."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Hass, Z.J., and Pearman, M.R. (, January October). The zone routing protocol (ZRP) for Ad hoc networks. San Diego, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Chen, J., and Zheou, H. (, January October). AODV-DFR: Improving ad hoc routing scalability to mobility and load. Vancouver, Canada."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Perkins, C., and Bhagwat, P. (, January August). 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SWAN: Service differentiation in stateless wireless ad hoc network. New York, NY, USA."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Karp, B., and Kung, H.T. (, January August). GPSR: Greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks. Boston, MA, USA."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Pei, G., Gerla, M., and Chen, T.W. (, January April). Fisheye state routing in mobile ad hoc networks. Taipei, Taiwan."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Espes, D., and Mammeri, Z. (, January July). Adaptive expanding search methods to improve AODV Protocol. Budapest, Hungary."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Asenov, H., and Hnatyshin, V. (, January July). GPS-Enhanced AODV routing. Las Vegas, NV, USA."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1023\/B:WINE.0000028539.73976.64","article-title":"Reducing latency and overhead of route repair with controlled flooding","volume":"10","author":"Costa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wirel. 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