{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:38:14Z","timestamp":1760243894766,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,26]],"date-time":"2010-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1269561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In view of in vivo surgical smoke studies a difference-frequency-generation (DFG) laser spectrometer (spectral range 2900\u20133144 cm-1) and a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer were employed for infrared absorption spectroscopy. The chemical composition of smoke produced in vitro with an electroknife by cauterization of different animal tissues in different atmospheres was investigated. Average concentrations derived are: water vapor (0.87%), methane (20 ppm), ethane (4.8 ppm), ethene (17 ppm), carbon monoxide (190 ppm), nitric oxide (25 ppm), nitrous oxide (40 ppm), ethyne (50 ppm) and hydrogen cyanide (25 ppm). No correlation between smoke composition and the atmosphere or the kind of cauterized tissue was found.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s100402694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,26]],"date-time":"2010-03-26T12:24:33Z","timestamp":1269606273000},"page":"2694-2708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Infrared Spectroscopy on Smoke Produced by Cauterization of Animal Tissue"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Gianella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Spectroscopy and Sensing Lab, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstr. 16, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Markus W.","family":"Sigrist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Spectroscopy and Sensing Lab, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstr. 16, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.1900070315","article-title":"Laser smoke effect on the bronchial system","volume":"7","author":"Freitag","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lasers Surg. 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