{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T18:16:41Z","timestamp":1772302601277,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]],"date-time":"2010-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1269820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A sensitive and reliable potentiometric biosensor for determination of penicillin has been developed by exploiting the self-limiting growth of the non-conducting polymer, polytyramine. Optimum polytyramine-penicillinase (PTy-PNCnase) films for potentiometric detection of penicillin were accomplished with monomer solutions which contained 0.03 M tyramine, 37 U\/mL penicillinase, 0.01 M KNO3,and 3 mM penicillin with an applied current density of 0.8 mA\/cm2 and an electropolymerisation time of 40 seconds. The potentiometric biosensor gave a linear concentration range of 3\u2013283 \u00b5M for penicillin and achieved a minimum detectable concentration of 0.3 \u00b5M. The biosensor was successfully utilized for the detection of Amoxycillin and gave an average percentage recovery of 102 \u00b1 6%. Satisfactory recoveries of penicillin G were also achieved in milk samples with the potentiometric biosensor when concentrations are \u226520 ppm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s100402851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]],"date-time":"2010-03-29T11:15:16Z","timestamp":1269861316000},"page":"2851-2868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Galvanostatic Entrapment of Penicillinase into Polytyramine Films and its Utilization for the Potentiometric Determination of Penicillin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Fatma","family":"Ismail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoScience and Sensor Technology Research Group, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Monash University, Churchill, Vic 3842, Australia"}]},{"given":"Samuel B.","family":"Adeloju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoScience and Sensor Technology Research Group, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Monash University, Churchill, Vic 3842, Australia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(02)00698-2","article-title":"Determination of tyramine in cheese by LC-UV","volume":"31","author":"Yigit","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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