{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T22:15:00Z","timestamp":1766268900545,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]],"date-time":"2010-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1269820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We have developed a hydraulic displacement amplification mechanism (HDAM) and studied its dynamic response when combined with a piezoelectric actuator. The HDAM consists of an incompressible fluid sealed in a microcavity by two largely deformable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes. The geometry with input and output surfaces having different cross-sectional areas creates amplification. By combining the HDAM with micro-actuators, we can amplify the input displacement generated by the actuators, which is useful for applications requiring large deformation, such as tactile displays. We achieved a mechanism offering up to 18-fold displacement amplification for static actuation and 12-fold for 55 Hz dynamic actuation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s100402946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]],"date-time":"2010-03-29T11:15:16Z","timestamp":1269861316000},"page":"2946-2956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Dynamic Characteristics of a Hydraulic Amplification Mechanism for Large Displacement Actuators Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Xavier","family":"Arouette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan"}]},{"given":"Yasuaki","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Ninomiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Okayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5632-2143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norihisa","family":"Miki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kwon, H.J., Lee, S.W., and Lee, S.S. (, January January,). Braille Code Display Device with a PDMS Membrane and Thermopneumatic Actuator. Tucson, AZ, USA."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Yoshikawa, W., Sasabe, A., Sugano, K., Tsuchiya, T., Tabata, O., and Ishida, A. (, January January,). Vertical Drive Micro Actuator Using SMA Thin Film for a Smart Button. Istanbul, Turkey."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Konyo, M., Tadokoro, S., Yoshida, A., and Saiwaki, N. (, January August,). A Tactile Synthesis Method using Multiple Frequency Vibrations for Representing Virtual Touch. Edmonton, Canada."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Kotani, H., Takasaki, M., and Mizuno, T. (, January August,). Surface Acoustic Wave Tactile Display Using a Large Size Glass Transducer. Harbin, China."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Biet, M., Casiez, G., Giraud, F., and Semail, B. (, January March). Discrimination of Virtual Square Gratings by Dynamic Touch on Friction Based Tactile Displays. Reno, NV, USA."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Yokota, H., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, H., and Higuchi, T. (, January March,). Producing Softness Sensation on an Electrostatic Texture Display for Rendering Diverse Tactile Feelings. Tsukuba, Japan."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"451","article-title":"Figure and Texture Presentation Capabilities of a Tactile Mouse Equipped with a Display Pad of Stimulus Pins","volume":"25","author":"Ohka","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Adv. Mech. Des. Syst. Manuf"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2002.807471","article-title":"A Piezoelectric Microvalve for Compact High-Frequency, High-Differential Pressure Hydraulic Micropumping Systems","volume":"12","author":"Roberts","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Microelectromech. Syst"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Kim, H., and Najafi, K. (, January October,). Electrostatic Hydraulic Three-Way Gas Microvalve for High-Pressure Applications. San Diego, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Kim, H., and Najafi, K. (, January January,). An Electrically-Driven, Large-Deflection, High-Force, Micro Piston Hydraulic Actuator Array for Large-Scale Microfluidic Systems. Sorrento, Italy."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Wu, X., Kim, S.H., Ji, C.H., and Allen, M.G. (, January January). A Piezoelectrically-driven High Flow Rate Axial Polymer Microvalve with Solid Hydraulic Amplification. Tucson, AZ, USA."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Kim, H., Lee, S., and Najafi, K. (, January October,). High-force Liquid-Gap Electrostatic Hydraulic Micro Actuators. Paris, France."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Ninomiya, T., Okayama, Y., Matsumoto, Y., Arouette, X., Osawa, K., and Miki, N. (, January January,). MEMS Tactile Display with Hydraulic Displacement Amplification Mechanism. Sorrento, Italy."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1002\/tee.20429","article-title":"Water Vapor Permeability Control of PDMS by the Dispersion of Collagen Powder","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trans. Electric. Electron. Eng"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/10\/4\/2946\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T22:01:57Z","timestamp":1760220117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/10\/4\/2946"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}},"alternative-id":["s100402946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s100402946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]]}}}