{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T20:33:32Z","timestamp":1761597212557,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,28]],"date-time":"2010-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1277683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A novel potential treatment technique applied to a glucose biosensor that is based on pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) and chromium hexacyanoferrate (CrHCF) incorporated into a platinum (Pt) electrode was demonstrated. CrHCF, serving as a mediator, was electrochemically deposited on the Pt electrode as ascertained by CV, SEM, FTIR and XPS measurements. The potential treatment of CrHCF, which converts Fe(II) to Fe(III), enables the glucose detection. The amperometric measurement linearity of the biosensor was up to 20 mM (R = 0.9923), and the detection sensitivity was 199.94 nA\/mM per cm2. More importantly, this biosensor remained stable for &gt;270 days.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s100706347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,29]],"date-time":"2010-06-29T11:17:05Z","timestamp":1277810225000},"page":"6347-6360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of Electric Potential Treatment of a Chromium Hexacyanoferrate Modified Biosensor Based on PQQ-Dependent Glucose Dehydrogenase"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ta-Feng","family":"Tseng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department, Chung-Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zhongbei Rd., Zhongli City, Taoyuan County 32023, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Yang-Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department, Chung-Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zhongbei Rd., Zhongli City, Taoyuan County 32023, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Yuh-Jiuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Electronics and Device Technology Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Rm. 334, Bldg. 53, 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Rd., Chutung, Hsinchu County 31040, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Shyh-Liang","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department, Chung-Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zhongbei Rd., Zhongli City, Taoyuan County 32023, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2481(00)00024-2","article-title":"4-ferrocenylphenol as an electron transfer mediator in PQQ-dependent alcohol and glucose dehydrogenase-catalyzed reactions","volume":"2","author":"Razumiene","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrochem. Commun"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2005.11.052","article-title":"Electrochemical sensors based on conducting polymer\u2014Polypyrrole","volume":"51","author":"Ramanavicius","year":"2006","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2006.03.058","article-title":"Direct electron transfer between PQQ dependent glucose dehydrogenases and carbon electrodes: An Approach for electrochemical biosensors","volume":"51","author":"Razumiene","year":"2006","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1039\/a907188a","article-title":"A redox hydrogel integrated PQQ-glucose dehydrogenase based glucose electrode","volume":"36","author":"Alkasrawi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal. Commun"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4109(200011)12:17<1383::AID-ELAN1383>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"An oxygen-insensitive reagentless glucose biosensor based on osmium-complex modified polypyrrole","volume":"12","author":"Habermuller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2006.12.033","article-title":"Improved specificity of reagentless amperometric PQQ-sGDH glucose biosensors by using indirectly heated electrodes","volume":"22","author":"Lau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jorganchem.2004.09.056","article-title":"Cyclometalated N,N-dimethylbenzylamine ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(C6HR1R2R3-o-CH2NMe2)(bpy)(RCN)2]PF6 for bioapplications: synthesis, characterization, crystal structures, redox properties, and reactivity toward PQQ-dependent glucose dehydrogenase","volume":"689","author":"Lagadec","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Organomet. Chem"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcatb.2006.05.008","article-title":"Enantioselectivity of resolved \u0394 and \u039b orthoruthenated 2-phenylpyridine complexes [Ru(o-C6H4-2-py)(LL)2]PF6 (LL = bpy and phen) toward glucose oxidase","volume":"41","author":"Ivanova","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Catal. B"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2004.02.006","article-title":"Bioelectrochemical sensor based on PQQ-dependent glucose dehydrogenase","volume":"100","author":"Malinauskas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sens. Actuat. B-Chem"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-328X(02)02103-4","article-title":"New bioorganometallic ferrocene derivatives as efficient mediators for glucose and ethanol biosensors based on PQQ-dependent dehydrogenase","volume":"668","author":"Razumiene","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Organomet. Chem"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-5663(03)00037-X","article-title":"Gulocse enzyme electrode using cytochrome b562 as an electron mediator","volume":"18","author":"Okuda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"065203","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-0233\/19\/6\/065203","article-title":"A pyrrole quinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase biosensor based on screen-printed carbon paste electrodes modified by carbon nanotubes","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Technol"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B101","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2900014","article-title":"A promising reconstitution platform for PQQ-dependent apo-enzymes in chitosan-carbon nanotube matrices","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Electrochem. Solid State Lett"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12400","DOI":"10.1021\/ja052841h","article-title":"Reconstitution of apo-glucose dehydrogenase on pyrroloquinoline quinone-functionalized Au nanoparticles yields an electrically contacted biocatalyst","volume":"127","author":"Zayats","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/10408340500451973","article-title":"Current trends in enzymatic determination of glycerol","volume":"36","author":"Lapenaite","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-003-0062-9","article-title":"Conducting redoxpolymer-based reagentless biosensors using modified PQQ-dependent glucose dehydrogenase","volume":"143","author":"Habermuller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5394(01)00128-1","article-title":"Bioelectrochemical application of some PQQ-dependent enzymes","volume":"55","author":"Laurinavicius","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160000633","article-title":"Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase modified thick-film electrodes for the amperometric detection of phenolic compounds in flow injection analysis","volume":"369","author":"Rose","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fresenius J. Anal. Chem"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-5663(02)00095-7","article-title":"Reagentless biosensors based on co-entrapment of a soluble redox polymer and an enzyme within an electrochemically deposited polymer film","volume":"17","author":"Vilkanauskyte","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1039\/a705207c","article-title":"Chromium(III) hexacyanoferrate(II)-based chemical sensor for the cathodic determination of hydrogen peroxide","volume":"123","author":"Lin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1021\/ic50027a028","article-title":"Ligand field strength of the nitrogen end of cyanide and structures of cubic cyanide polymers","volume":"4","author":"Shriver","year":"1965","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1021\/ic50059a016","article-title":"Solid-state reactions of iron(II) hexacyanochromate(III)","volume":"7","author":"Brown","year":"1968","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1002\/sia.1984","article-title":"Investigation of multiplet splitting of Fe 2p XPS spectra and bonding in iron compounds","volume":"36","author":"Grosvenor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surf. Interface Anal"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00111a017","article-title":"Electrochemistry of chromium(II) hexacyanochromate(III) and electrochemically induced isomerization of solid iron(II) hexacyanochromate(III) mechanically immobilized on the surface of a graphite electrode","volume":"34","author":"Dostal","year":"1995","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/10\/7\/6347\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T22:02:47Z","timestamp":1760220167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/10\/7\/6347"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,28]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]}},"alternative-id":["s100706347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s100706347","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,28]]}}}