{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T10:36:38Z","timestamp":1761647798132,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,22]],"date-time":"2010-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1287705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research investigates the use of charge coupled device (abbreviated as CCD) linear image sensors in an optical tomographic instrumentation system used for sizing particles. The measurement system, consisting of four CCD linear image sensors are configured around an octagonal shaped flow pipe for a four projections system is explained. The four linear image sensors provide 2,048 pixel imaging with a pixel size of 14 micron \u00d7 14 micron, hence constituting a high-resolution system. Image reconstruction for a four-projection optical tomography system is also discussed, where a simple optical model is used to relate attenuation due to variations in optical density, [R], within the measurement section. Expressed in matrix form this represents the forward problem in tomography [S] [R] = [M]. In practice, measurements [M] are used to estimate the optical density distribution by solving the inverse problem [R] = [S]\u22121[M]. Direct inversion of the sensitivity matrix, [S], is not possible and two approximations are considered and compared\u2014the transpose and the pseudo inverse sensitivity matrices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s101009512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,22]],"date-time":"2010-10-22T11:10:20Z","timestamp":1287745820000},"page":"9512-9528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Image Reconstruction of a Charge Coupled Device Based Optical Tomographic Instrumentation System for Particle Sizing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mariani","family":"Idroas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Ruzairi Abdul","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Robert Garnet","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Nasir","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Mohd Hafiz Fazalul","family":"Rahiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Image reconstruction of particle\/droplet concentration profiles using optical tomography","volume":"152","author":"Ibrahim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. 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