{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T11:11:16Z","timestamp":1776942676079,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During new fiber sensor development experiments, an easy-to-fabricate simple sensing structure with a trench and partially ablated fiber core is fabricated by using an 800 nm 35 fs 1 kHz laser. It is demonstrated that the structure forms a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with the interference between the laser light passing through the air in the trench cavity and that in the remained fiber core. The fringe visibilities are all more than 25 dB. The transmission spectra vary with the femtosecond (fs) laser ablation scanning cycle. The free spectral range (FSR) decreases as the trench length increases. The MZI structure is of very high fabrication and sensing repeatability. The sensing mechanism is theoretically discussed, which is in agreement with experiments. The test sensitivity for acetone vapor is about 104 nm\/RIU, and the temperature sensitivity is 51.5 pm\/\u00b0C at 200 ~ 875 \u00b0C with a step of 25 \u00b0C.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s110100054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T13:32:04Z","timestamp":1293111124000},"page":"54-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["A High-Quality Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Fiber Sensor by Femtosecond Laser One-Step Processing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Longjiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongfeng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Lung","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-4247(97)01624-5","article-title":"Single-mode fiber polished into the core as a sensor element","volume":"64","author":"Andreev","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sens. 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