{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:36:43Z","timestamp":1760243803292,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,27]],"date-time":"2011-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1309132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nowadays, with wireless sensor networks (WSNs) being widely applied to diverse applications, heterogeneous sensor networks (HSNs), which can simultaneously support multiple sensing tasks in a common sensor field, are being considered as the general form of WSN system deployment. In HSNs, each application generates data packets with a different size, thereby resulting in fairness issues in terms of the network performance. In this paper, we present the design and performance evaluation of a differentiated channel access scheme (abbreviated to DiffCA) to resolve the fairness problem in HSNs. DiffCA achieves fair performance among the application groups by providing each node with an additional backoff counter, whose value varies according to the size of the packets. A mathematical model based on the discrete time Markov chain is presented and is analyzed to measure the performance of DiffCA. The numerical results show that the performance degradation of disadvantaged application groups can be effectively compensated for by DiffCA. Simulation results are given to verify the accuracy of the numerical model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s110706629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,27]],"date-time":"2011-06-27T22:44:03Z","timestamp":1309214643000},"page":"6629-6644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Throughput Fairness Enhancement Using Differentiated Channel Access in Heterogeneous Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Eui-Jik","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Korea"}]},{"given":"Taeshik","family":"Shon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajou University, San 5, Woncheon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 443-749, Korea"}]},{"given":"James Jong Hyuk","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 172, Gongreung 2-dong, Nowon, Seoul, 139-743, Korea"}]},{"given":"Young-Sik","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wonkwang University, 344-2 Shinyong-dong, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2002.1024422","article-title":"A survey on sensor networks","volume":"40","author":"Akyildiz","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Comm. Mag"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2007.4407225","article-title":"Wireless multimedia sensor networks: A survey","volume":"14","author":"Akyildiz","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Comm. Mag"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Molla, MM, and Ahamed, SI (2006, January 14\u201318). A survey of middleware for sensor network and challenges. Columbus, OH, USA."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"609","article-title":"A study on design and implementation of the ubiquitous computing environment-based dynamic smart on\/off-line learner tracking system","volume":"6","author":"Lim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Inform. Process"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"17","article-title":"A single mobile target tracking in voronoi-based clustered wireless sensor network","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Inform. Process"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sankarasubramaniam, Y, Akan, OB, and Akyildiz, IF (2003, January 1\u20133). ESRT: Event-to-sink reliable transport in wireless sensor networks. Annapolis, MD, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/778415.778437"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hull, B, Jamieson, K, and Balakrishnan, H (2004, January 3\u20135). Mitigating congestion in wireless sensor networks. Baltimore, MD, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/1031495.1031512"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5225","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2009.2027022","article-title":"A fairness-aware congestion control scheme in wireless sensor networks","volume":"58","author":"Yin","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Tec"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"IEEE Computer Society (2006). IEEE Std. 802.15.4\u20132006, Wireless Medium Access Control and Physical Layer Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks, IEEE Computer Society."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2006.02.004","article-title":"Priority-based service differentiation scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 sensor networks","volume":"61","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"AEU-Int. J. Electron. Comm"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1109\/49.840210","article-title":"Performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function","volume":"18","author":"Bianchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Area. Comm"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2004.826929","article-title":"Saturation throughput analysis of IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed coordination function","volume":"22","author":"Robinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Area. Comm"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alshanyour, A, and Agarwal, A (2009, January 30). Three-Dimensional Markov Chain Model for Performance Analysis of the IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function. Honolulu, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2009.5425980"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, TY, Youm, SK, Kim, EJ, and Kang, CH (2006, January 1\u20134). A service differentiation mechanism for improving the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 sensor networks. Sorrento, Italy.","DOI":"10.1007\/11946441_25"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/11\/7\/6629\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:56:34Z","timestamp":1760219794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/11\/7\/6629"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,27]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["s110706629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s110706629","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,27]]}}}