{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T16:28:37Z","timestamp":1780417717220,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,21]],"date-time":"2011-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lithium-ion secondary batteries are commonly used in electric vehicles, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDA), notebooks and electric cars. These lithium-ion secondary batteries must charge and discharge rapidly, causing the interior temperature to rise quickly, raising a safety issue. Over-charging results in an unstable voltage and current, causing potential safety problems, such as thermal runaways and explosions. Thus, a micro flexible temperature sensor for the in in-situ monitoring of temperature inside a lithium-ion secondary battery must be developed. In this work, flexible micro temperature sensors were integrated into a lithium-ion secondary battery using the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) process for monitoring temperature in situ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s111009942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,21]],"date-time":"2011-10-21T11:37:59Z","timestamp":1319197079000},"page":"9942-9950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["In Situ Monitoring of Temperature inside Lithium-Ion Batteries by Flexible Micro Temperature Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chi-Yuan","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze Fuel Cell Center, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo-Jen","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze Fuel Cell Center, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Shao","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze Fuel Cell Center, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Chi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze Fuel Cell Center, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2009.11.048","article-title":"Lithium batteries: Status, prospects and future","volume":"195","author":"Scrosati","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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