{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:15:49Z","timestamp":1765887349257,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to efficiently deal with location dependent messages in multi-sink wireless sensor networks (WSNs), it is key that the network informs sinks what geographical area is covered by which sink. The sinks are then able to efficiently route messages which are only valid in particular regions of the deployment. In our previous work (see the 5th and 6th cited documents), we proposed a combined coverage area reporting and geographical routing protocol for location dependent messages, for example, queries that are injected by sinks. In this paper, we study the case where we have static sinks and mobile sensor nodes in the network. To provide up-to-date coverage areas to sinks, we focus on handling node mobility in the network. We discuss what is a better method for updating the routing structure (i.e., routing trees and coverage areas) to handle mobility efficiently: periodic global updates initiated from sinks or local updates triggered by mobile sensors. Simulation results show that local updating perform very well in terms of query delivery ratio. Local updating has a better scalability to increasing network size. It is also more energy efficient than ourpreviously proposed approach, where global updating in networks have medium mobility rate and speed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s111211415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,2]],"date-time":"2011-12-02T18:58:56Z","timestamp":1322852336000},"page":"11415-11446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["On Mobility Management in Multi-Sink Sensor Networks for Geocasting of Queries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ay\u015feg\u00fcl T\u00fcys\u00fcz","family":"Erman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pervasive Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arta","family":"Dilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pervasive Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lodewijk van","family":"Hoesel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ambient Systems B.V., Colosseum 15d, 7521 PV, Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Havinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pervasive Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, D., Zuo, D., and Yang, X. (2008, January 29). An Optimal Sink Selection Scheme for Multi-Sink Wireless Sensor Networks. Singapore.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSIT.2008.161"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4056","DOI":"10.3390\/s90604056","article-title":"The Wireless Sensor Networks for City-Wide Ambient Intelligence (WISE-WAI) Project","volume":"9","author":"Casari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2004.5342238","article-title":"A Survey of Geocast Routing Protocols","volume":"6","author":"Maihofer","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. 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