{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T01:32:39Z","timestamp":1782523959936,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":194,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]],"date-time":"2012-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the last decade the use of nanomaterials has been having a great impact in biosensing. In particular, the unique properties of noble metal nanoparticles have allowed for the development of new biosensing platforms with enhanced capabilities in the specific detection of bioanalytes. Noble metal nanoparticles show unique physicochemical properties (such as ease of functionalization via simple chemistry and high surface-to-volume ratios) that allied with their unique spectral and optical properties have prompted the development of a plethora of biosensing platforms. Additionally, they also provide an additional or enhanced layer of application for commonly used techniques, such as fluorescence, infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Herein we review the use of noble metal nanoparticles for biosensing strategies\u2014from synthesis and functionalization to integration in molecular diagnostics platforms, with special focus on those that have made their way into the diagnostics laboratory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s120201657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]],"date-time":"2012-02-07T11:13:43Z","timestamp":1328613223000},"page":"1657-1687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":640,"title":["Noble Metal Nanoparticles for Biosensing Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Doria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Nanociencia de Arag\u00f3n, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Ri\u0301o Ebro, Edifi\u0301cio I+D, Mariano Esquillor, s\/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Veigas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Giestas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Assun\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro V.","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIGMH, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.090795","article-title":"Applications of nanobiotechnology in clinical diagnostics","volume":"53","author":"Jain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. 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