{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T01:29:06Z","timestamp":1769218146207,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]],"date-time":"2012-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a waist-worn personal navigation system based on inertial measurement units. The device makes use of the human bipedal pattern to reduce position errors. We describe improved algorithms, based on detailed description of the heel strike biomechanics and its translation to accelerations of the body waist to estimate the periods of zero velocity, the step length, and the heading estimation. The experimental results show that we are able to support pedestrian navigation with the high-resolution positioning required for most applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s120810536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]],"date-time":"2012-08-03T11:02:44Z","timestamp":1343991764000},"page":"10536-10549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Pedestrian Navigation Based on a Waist-Worn Inertial Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Multisensor Systems & Robotics Lab (SiMuR), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oviedo, Campus de Gij\u00f3n, Edificio n\u00b02, Gij\u00f3n 33204, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multisensor Systems & Robotics Lab (SiMuR), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oviedo, Campus de Gij\u00f3n, Edificio n\u00b02, Gij\u00f3n 33204, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multisensor Systems & Robotics Lab (SiMuR), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oviedo, Campus de Gij\u00f3n, Edificio n\u00b02, Gij\u00f3n 33204, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael C.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multisensor Systems & Robotics Lab (SiMuR), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oviedo, Campus de Gij\u00f3n, Edificio n\u00b02, Gij\u00f3n 33204, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(02)00068-1","article-title":"Biomechanics and muscle coordination of human walking Part I: Introduction to concepts, power transfer, dynamics and simulations","volume":"16","author":"Zajac","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2010.2046595","article-title":"Personal navigation via high-resolution gait-corrected inertial measurement units","volume":"59","author":"Bebek","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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