{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T03:39:45Z","timestamp":1780630785433,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,3]],"date-time":"2012-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper introduces a revolutionary way to interrogate optical fiber sensors based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and to integrate the necessary driving optoelectronic components with the sensor elements. Low-cost optoelectronic chips are used to interrogate the optical fibers, creating a portable dynamic sensing system as an alternative for the traditionally bulky and expensive fiber sensor interrogation units. The possibility to embed these laser and detector chips is demonstrated resulting in an ultra thin flexible optoelectronic package of only 40 \u03bcm, provided with an integrated planar fiber pigtail. The result is a fully embedded flexible sensing system with a thickness of only 1 mm, based on a single Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL), fiber sensor and photodetector chip. Temperature, strain and electrodynamic shaking tests have been performed on our system, not limited to static read-out measurements but dynamically reconstructing full spectral information datasets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s120912052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,3]],"date-time":"2012-09-03T11:09:29Z","timestamp":1346670569000},"page":"12052-12069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Ultra Small Integrated Optical Fiber Sensing System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bram","family":"Van Hoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), Ghent University - IMEC, Elis Department, Technologiepark 914A, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET,UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwin","family":"Bosman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), Ghent University - IMEC, Elis Department, Technologiepark 914A, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Missinne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), Ghent University - IMEC, Elis Department, Technologiepark 914A, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Kalathimekkad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), Ghent University - IMEC, Elis Department, Technologiepark 914A, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Maskery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET,UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET,UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Sugden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET,UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Van Daele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), Ghent University - IMEC, Intec Department, Technologiepark 914A, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert","family":"Van Steenberge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), Ghent University - IMEC, Elis Department, Technologiepark 914A, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/6\/5\/004","article-title":"Micromachined pressure sensors: Review and recent developments","volume":"6","author":"Eaton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Smart Mater. 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