{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T22:04:01Z","timestamp":1766268241780,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]],"date-time":"2012-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1350259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We propose a new body sensor for extracting the respiration rate based on the amplitude changes in the body surface potential differences between two proximal body electrodes. The sensor could be designed as a plaster-like reusable unit that can be easily fixed onto the surface of the body. It could be equipped either with a sufficiently large memory for storing the measured data or with a low-power radio system that can transmit the measured data to a gateway for further processing. We explore the influence of the sensor\u2019s position on the quality of the extracted results using multi-channel ECG measurements and considering all the pairs of two neighboring electrodes as potential respiration-rate sensors. The analysis of the clinical measurements, which also include reference thermistor-based respiration signals, shows that the proposed approach is a viable option for monitoring the respiration frequency and for a rough classification of breathing types. The obtained results were evaluated on a wireless prototype of a respiration body sensor. We indicate the best positions for the respiration body sensor and prove that a single sensor for body surface potential difference on proximal skin electrodes can be used for combined measurements of respiratory and cardiac activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s121013813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,16]],"date-time":"2012-10-16T03:33:50Z","timestamp":1350358430000},"page":"13813-13828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Two Proximal Skin Electrodes \u2014 A Respiration Rate Body Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Roman","family":"Trobec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Rashkovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viktor","family":"Avbelj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01825.x","article-title":"Respiratory rate: The neglected vital sign","volume":"188","author":"Cretikos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. 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