{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T14:32:15Z","timestamp":1774276335920,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,30]],"date-time":"2012-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, multipath error on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals in urban environments is characterized with the help of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements. For this purpose, LiDAR equipment and Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver implementing a multipath estimating architecture were used to collect data in an urban environment. This paper demonstrates how GPS and LiDAR measurements can be jointly used to model the environment and obtain robust receivers. Multipath amplitude and delay are estimated by means of LiDAR feature extraction and multipath mitigation architecture. The results show the feasibility of integrating the information provided by LiDAR sensors and GNSS receivers for multipath mitigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s121114592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,30]],"date-time":"2012-10-30T12:02:13Z","timestamp":1351598533000},"page":"14592-14603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multipath Estimation in Urban Environments from Joint GNSS Receivers and LiDAR Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Khurram","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunications (DET), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24-10129 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3rd floor, 1st Building, Haike Road 99, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Dovis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunications (DET), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24-10129 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"De Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DEIMOS Space S.L.U., Ronda de Poniente, 19-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio J.","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DEIMOS Space S.L.U., Ronda de Poniente, 19-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2011.2158032","article-title":"Satellite radiolocalization from GPS to GNSS and beyond: Novel technologies and applications for civil massmarket","volume":"99","author":"Presti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. 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