{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T17:01:12Z","timestamp":1763226072942,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examines an analog circuit comprising a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN). This study proposes a low-power and small-area analog MLP circuit to implement in an E-nose as a classifier, such that the E-nose would be relatively small, power-efficient, and portable. The analog MLP circuit had only four input neurons, four hidden neurons, and one output neuron. The circuit was designed and fabricated using a 0.18 \u03bcm standard CMOS process with a 1.8 V supply. The power consumption was 0.553 mW, and the area was approximately 1.36 \u00d7 1.36 mm2. The chip measurements showed that this MLPNN successfully identified the fruit odors of bananas, lemons, and lychees with 91.7% accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130100193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T07:41:06Z","timestamp":1356334866000},"page":"193-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["An Analog Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network for a Portable Electronic Nose"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chih-Heng","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Hung-Yi","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9689-1236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kea-Tiong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2004.837495","article-title":"Evaluation of an electronic nose to assess fruit ripness","volume":"5","author":"Brezmes","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. 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