{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T08:29:12Z","timestamp":1771662552319,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,16]],"date-time":"2013-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We have developed a new portable taste sensor with a lipid\/polymer membrane and conducted experiments to evaluate the sensor\u2019s performance. The fabricated sensor consists of a taste sensor chip (40 mm \u00d7 26 mm \u00d7 2.2 mm) with working and reference electrodes and a portable sensor device (80 mm \u00d7 25 mm \u00d7 20 mm). The working electrode consists of a taste-sensing site comprising a poly(hydroxyethyl)methacrylate (pHEMA) hydrogel layer with KCl as the electrolyte layer and a lipid\/polymer membrane as the taste sensing element. The reference electrode comprises a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane layer with a small hole and a pHEMA layer with KCl. The whole device is the size of a USB memory stick, making it suitable for portable use. The sensor\u2019s response to tannic acid as the standard astringency substance showed good accuracy and reproducibility, and was comparable with the performance of a commercially available taste sensing system. Thus, it is possible for this sensor to be used for in-field evaluations and it can make a significant contribution to the food industry, as well as in various fields of research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130101076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,16]],"date-time":"2013-01-16T11:20:29Z","timestamp":1358335229000},"page":"1076-1084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Development of a Portable Taste Sensor with a  Lipid\/Polymer Membrane"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Tahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Nakashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Toko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.02.002","article-title":"A comparative study on two electronic tongues for pharmaceutical formulation development","volume":"55","author":"Woertz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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Lett."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.3390\/s6111679","article-title":"A Portable sensing system for electronic tongue operations","volume":"6","author":"Twomey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"151","article-title":"Taste sensor chip for portable taste sensor system","volume":"20","author":"Etoh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sens. Mater."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Etoh, S., Iwakura, M., Nakashi, K., Hattori, R., Hayashi, R., and Toko, K. (2006, January 9\u201312). Fabrication of taste sensor chip and portable taste sensor system. 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