{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:30:32Z","timestamp":1766428232134,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,19]],"date-time":"2013-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pseudorandom number generation (PRNG) is the main security tool in low-cost passive radio-frequency identification (RFID) technologies, such as EPC Gen2. We present a lightweight PRNG design for low-cost passive RFID tags, named J3Gen. J3Gen is based on a linear feedback shift register (LFSR) configured with multiple feedback polynomials. The polynomials are alternated during the generation of sequences via a physical source of randomness. J3Gen successfully handles the inherent linearity of LFSR based PRNGs and satisfies the statistical requirements imposed by the EPC Gen2 standard. A hardware implementation of J3Gen is presented and evaluated with regard to different design parameters, defining the key-equivalence security and nonlinearity of the design. The results of a SPICE simulation confirm the power-consumption suitability of the proposal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130303816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,19]],"date-time":"2013-03-19T12:33:57Z","timestamp":1363696437000},"page":"3816-3830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["J3Gen: A PRNG for Low-Cost Passive RFID"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Joan","family":"Meli\u00e0-Segu\u00ed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communications and Information Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra,T\u00e0nger 122-140, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Roc Boronat 117, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaquin","family":"Garcia-Alfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Roc Boronat 117, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"RST Department, Institut Mines-Telecom, Telecom Sud Paris, CNRS Samovar UMR 5157, 9 Rue Charles Fourier, 91000 Evry, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Herrera-Joancomart\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Roc Boronat 117, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Edifici Q, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"EPC Radio-Frequency Identity Protocols Class-1 Generation-2 UHF RFID Protocol for Communications at 860-960 MHz. 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