{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T01:41:57Z","timestamp":1775526117523,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]],"date-time":"2013-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The main objective of this study was to use infrared spectroscopy to  identify vegetable oils used as raw material for biodiesel production  and apply multivariate analysis to the data. Six different vegetable oil  sources\u2014canola, cotton, corn, palm, sunflower and soybeans\u2014were used to  produce biodiesel batches. The spectra were acquired by Fourier  transform infrared spectroscopy using a universal attenuated total  reflectance sensor (FTIR-UATR). For the multivariate analysis principal  component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), interval  principal component analysis (iPCA) and soft independent modeling  of class analogy (SIMCA) were used. The results indicate that is  possible to develop a methodology to identify vegetable oils used as raw  material in the production of biodiesel by FTIR-UATR applying  multivariate analysis. It was also observed that the iPCA found  the best spectral range for separation of biodiesel batches using  FTIR-UATR data, and with this result, the SIMCA method classified 100%  of the soybean biodiesel samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130404258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]],"date-time":"2013-03-28T13:35:44Z","timestamp":1364477744000},"page":"4258-4271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Multivariate Analysis for Identification of Different Vegetable Oils Used in Biodiesel Production"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Mueller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Sistemas e Processos Industriais, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Av. Independ\u00eancia, 2293, CEP 96815-900, Santa Cruz do Sul\u2013RS, Brasil"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ferr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gon\u00e7alves, 9500, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre\u2013RS, Brasil"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Marder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Sistemas e Processos Industriais, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Av. Independ\u00eancia, 2293, CEP 96815-900, Santa Cruz do Sul\u2013RS, Brasil"}]},{"given":"Adilson","family":"Da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Sistemas e Processos Industriais, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Av. Independ\u00eancia, 2293, CEP 96815-900, Santa Cruz do Sul\u2013RS, Brasil"}]},{"given":"Rosana","family":"De C\u00e1ssia de Souza Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Av. Independ\u00eancia, 2293, CEP 96815-900, Santa Cruz do Sul\u2013RS, Brasil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/www.mme.gov.br\/spg\/galerias\/arquivos\/publicacoes\/boletim_mensal_combustiveis_renovaveis\/Boletim_DCR_nx_042_-_junho_de_2011.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/www.perkinelmer.com.br\/downloads\/biodisel\/ANP%20Portaria%20255_2003.pdf."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-50532005000800003","article-title":"Biodiesel: An overview","volume":"16","author":"Pinto","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Braz. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Parente, E.J. (2003). Biodiesel: Uma Aventura Tecnol\u00f3gica Num Pa\u00eds Engra\u00e7ado(in Portuguese), Unigr\u00e1fica. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2010). 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