{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T01:06:03Z","timestamp":1773104763206,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]],"date-time":"2013-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Examination of wrist radial pulse is a noninvasive diagnostic method, which occupies a very important position in Traditional Chinese Medicine. It is based on manual palpation and therefore relies largely on the practitioner\u2019s subjective technical skills and judgment. Consequently, it lacks reliability and consistency, which limits practical applications in clinical medicine. Thus, quantifiable characterization of the wrist pulse diagnosis method is a prerequisite for its further development and widespread use. This paper reports application of a noninvasive CCD sensor-based hybrid measurement system for radial pulse signal analysis. First, artery wall deformations caused by the blood flow are calibrated with a laser triangulation displacement sensor, following by the measurement of the deformations with projection moir\u00e9 method. Different input pressures and fluids of various viscosities are used in the assembled artificial blood flow system in order to test the performance of laser triangulation technique with detection sensitivity enhancement through microfabricated retroreflective optical element placed on a synthetic vascular graft. Subsequently, the applicability of double-exposure whole-field projection moir\u00e9 technique for registration of blood flow pulses is considered: a computational model and representative example are provided, followed by in vitro experiment performed on a vascular graft with artificial skin atop, which validates the suitability of the technique for characterization of skin surface deformations caused by the radial pulsation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130405368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]],"date-time":"2013-04-22T14:02:19Z","timestamp":1366639339000},"page":"5368-5380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Validation of Noninvasive MOEMS-Assisted Measurement System Based on CCD Sensor for Radial Pulse Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Karolis","family":"Malinauskas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Hi-Tech Development, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu 65-209, Kaunas LT-51369, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulius","family":"Palevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group for Mathematical and Numerical Analysis of Dynamical Systems,  Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu 50-222, Kaunas LT-51368,  Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3490-2814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minvydas","family":"Ragulskis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group for Mathematical and Numerical Analysis of Dynamical Systems,  Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu 50-222, Kaunas LT-51368,  Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vytautas","family":"Ostasevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Hi-Tech Development, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu 65-209, Kaunas LT-51369, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolanas","family":"Dauksevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Hi-Tech Development, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu 65-209, Kaunas LT-51369, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Flaws, B. (1995). The Secret of Chinese Pulse Diagnosis, Blue Poppy Press."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Wang, S. (1997). The Pulse Classic: A Translation of the Mai Jing, Blue Poppy Press."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Lad, V. (2006). Secrets of the Pulse: The Ancient Art of Pulse Diagnosis, Ayurvedic Press."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Hammer, L. (2005). Chinese Pulse Diagnosis: A Contemporary Approach, Eastland Press."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thakker, B., Vyas, A.L., and Tripathi, D.M. (2010, January 16\u201318). Radial Pulse Analysis at Deep Pressure in Abnormal Health Conditions. Yantai, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/BMEI.2010.5639735"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.A0820332","article-title":"A model for automatic identification of human pulse signals","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Kobayashi, A.S. (1987). Handbook on Experimental Mechanics, Prentice-Hall. [Ed.]."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-8166(02)00198-7","article-title":"Calibration of a system of projection moir\u00e9 for relief measuring: Biomechanical applications","volume":"41","author":"Breque","year":"2004","journal-title":"Opt. Lasers Eng."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-1567.1999.tb01552.x","article-title":"Shape measurements on large surfaces by fringe projection","volume":"23","author":"Lehmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Tech."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/13\/4\/5368\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:46:17Z","timestamp":1760219177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/13\/4\/5368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["s130405368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s130405368","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]}}}