{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T05:37:42Z","timestamp":1769924262613,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]],"date-time":"2013-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A rapid and simple method for quantitative monitoring of Brucella melitensis using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is reported for the first time. The  label-free immunosensors were fabricated by immobilizing Brucella melitensis antibody on the surface of gold nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (GNP-SPCEs). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and EIS were used to characterize the Brucella melitensis antigen interaction on the surface of GNP-SPCEs with antibody. A general electronic equivalent model of an electrochemical cell was introduced for interpretation of the impedance components of the system. The results showed that the change in electron-transfer resistance (Rct) was significantly different due to the binding of Brucella melitensis cells. A linear relationship between the Rct variation and logarithmic value of the cell concentration was found from 4 \u00d7 104 to 4 \u00d7 106 CFU\/mL in pure culture. The label-free impedance biosensor was able to detect as low as 1 \u00d7 104 and 4 \u00d7 105 CFU\/mL of Brucella melitensis in pure culture and milk samples, respectively, in less than 1.5 h. Moreover, a good selectivity versus Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus cells was obtained for our developed immunosensor demonstrating its specificity towards only Brucella melitensis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130708551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,5]],"date-time":"2013-07-05T03:53:40Z","timestamp":1372996420000},"page":"8551-8563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Rapid Quantitative Detection of Brucella melitensis by a  Label-Free Impedance Immunosensor Based on a Gold Nanoparticle-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Haiyun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueming","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanjin","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical Engineering, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haili","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science & Technology, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(02)00252-3","article-title":"Epidemiology and control of brucellosis in China","volume":"90","author":"Deqiu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. 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