{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:19:20Z","timestamp":1792293560184,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]],"date-time":"2013-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging system was developed in this study. NIR hyperspectral imaging combined with multivariate data analysis was applied to identify rice seed cultivars. Spectral data was exacted from hyperspectral images. Along with Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA), K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), a novel machine learning algorithm called Random Forest (RF) was applied in this study. Spectra from 1,039 nm to 1,612 nm were used as full spectra to build classification models. PLS-DA and KNN models obtained over 80% classification accuracy, and SIMCA, SVM and RF models obtained 100% classification accuracy in both the calibration and prediction set. Twelve optimal wavelengths were selected by weighted regression coefficients of the PLS-DA model. Based on optimal wavelengths, PLS-DA, KNN, SVM and RF models were built. All optimal wavelengths-based models (except PLS-DA) produced classification rates over 80%. The performances of full spectra-based models were better than optimal wavelengths-based models. The overall results indicated that hyperspectral imaging could be used for rice seed cultivar identification, and RF is an effective classification technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s130708916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]],"date-time":"2013-07-12T10:55:35Z","timestamp":1373626535000},"page":"8916-8927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["Rice Seed Cultivar Identification Using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging and Multivariate Data Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6760-3154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0266-6896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6752-1757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University,  866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.11.129","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and nutritional quality of traditional red-grained rice varieties containing proanthocyanidins","volume":"138","author":"Gunaratne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"583","article-title":"Discrimination of sister-line IR rice varieties by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and reversed-phase high-performance liquid-chromatography","volume":"68","author":"Huebner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cereal Chem."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gms043","article-title":"Metabolite profiles of rice cultivars containing bacterial blight-resistant genes are distinctive from susceptible rice","volume":"44","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. 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