{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T12:10:17Z","timestamp":1772626217118,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,16]],"date-time":"2013-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We fabricate a biometric laser fiber synaptic sensor to transmit information from one neuron cell to the other by an optical way. The optical synapse is constructed on the base of an erbium-doped fiber laser, whose pumped diode current is driven by a pre-synaptic FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo electronic neuron, and the laser output controls a post-synaptic FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo electronic neuron. The implemented laser synapse displays very rich dynamics, including fixed points, periodic orbits with different frequency-locking ratios and chaos. These regimes can be beneficial for efficient biorobotics, where behavioral flexibility subserved by synaptic connectivity is a challenge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s131217322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,16]],"date-time":"2013-12-16T15:23:30Z","timestamp":1387207410000},"page":"17322-17331","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Experimental Implementation of a Biometric Laser Synaptic Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Pisarchik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones en Optica, Loma del Bosque 115, Lomas del Campestre, Leon 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico"},{"name":"Centre for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Campus Montegancedo,Pozuelo de Alarcon 28223, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Sevilla-Escoboza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Enrique D\u00edaz de Le\u00f3n 1144, Paseo de la Monta\u00f1a, Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco 47460, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rider","family":"Jaimes-Re\u00e1tegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Enrique D\u00edaz de Le\u00f3n 1144, Paseo de la Monta\u00f1a, Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco 47460, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Huerta-Cuellar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Enrique D\u00edaz de Le\u00f3n 1144, Paseo de la Monta\u00f1a, Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco 47460, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Garc\u00eda-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Enrique D\u00edaz de Le\u00f3n 1144, Paseo de la Monta\u00f1a, Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco 47460, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Kazantsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Science, 46 Uljanov Str., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia"},{"name":"Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave.,Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1992.67.6.1691","article-title":"Artificial electrical synapses in oscillatory networks","volume":"67","author":"Sharp","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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