{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T22:03:25Z","timestamp":1769551405847,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electron transfer (ET) is one of the most important elementary processes that takes place in fundamental aspects of biology, chemistry, and physics. In this review, we discuss recent research on single molecule probes based on ET. We review some applications, including the dynamics of glass-forming systems, surface binding events, interfacial ET on semiconductors, and the external field-induced dynamics of polymers. All these examples show that the ET-induced changes of fluorescence trajectory  and lifetime of single molecules can be used to sensitively probe the surrounding  nano-environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s140202449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T11:17:25Z","timestamp":1391426245000},"page":"2449-2467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Electron Transfer-Based Single Molecule Fluorescence as a Probe for Nano-Environment Dynamics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ruiyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruixiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liantuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suotang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1126\/science.262.5138.1422","article-title":"Single molecules observed by near-field scanning optical microscopy","volume":"262","author":"Betzig","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/369040a0","article-title":"Near-field spectroscopy of single molecules at room temperature","volume":"369","author":"Trautman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1021\/ar950246m","article-title":"Single-molecule spectroscopy and dynamics at room temperature","volume":"29","author":"Xie","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acc. 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