{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T17:10:54Z","timestamp":1784740254739,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]],"date-time":"2014-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is a growing interest in 3D content following the recent developments in 3D movies, 3D TVs and 3D smartphones. However, 3D content creation is still dominated by professionals, due to the high cost of 3D motion capture instruments. The availability of a low-cost motion capture system will promote 3D content generation by general users and accelerate the growth of the 3D market. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a real-time motion capture system based on a portable low-cost wireless camera sensor network. The proposed system performs motion capture based on the data-driven 3D human pose reconstruction method to reduce the computation time and to improve the 3D reconstruction accuracy. The system can reconstruct accurate 3D full-body poses at 16 frames per second using only eight markers on the subject\u2019s body. The performance of the motion capture system is evaluated extensively in experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s140305516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]],"date-time":"2014-03-20T12:06:02Z","timestamp":1395317162000},"page":"5516-5535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Samba: A Real-Time Motion Capture System Using Wireless Camera Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hyeongseok","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and ASRI, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geonho","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and ASRI, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songhwai","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and ASRI, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Vicon Motion Capture System. 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(TOG)"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, P.W.C., Ahammad, P., Boyer, C., Huang, S.I., Lin, L., Lobaton, E.J., Meingast, M.L., Oh, S., Wang, S., and Yan, P. (2008, January 7\u201311). CITRIC: A low-bandwidth wireless camera network platform. Stanford, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDSC.2008.4635675"},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Levmar: Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear least squares algorithms in C\/C++. Available online: http:\/\/www.ics.forth.gr\/\u0128ourakis\/levmar\/."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Gumstix Available online: http:\/\/www.gumstix.com\/."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"CMU Graphics Lab Motion Capture Database. Available online: http:\/\/mocap.cs.cmu.edu\/."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, Y., Soatto, S., Ko\u0161seck\u00e1, J., and Sastry, S.S. (2004). 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