{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T20:23:46Z","timestamp":1760646226639,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]],"date-time":"2014-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1408579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The measurement of the flow rate of various liquids and gases is critical in industrial automation. Rotary positive displacement meters (rotary PD meters) are highly accurate flowmeters that are widely employed in engineering applications, especially in custody transfer operations and hydraulic control systems. This paper presents a high pressure rotary PD meter containing a pair of internal cycloid rotors. It has the advantages of concise structure, low pressure loss, high accuracy and low noise. The curve of the internal rotor is designed as an equidistant curtate epicycloid curve with the external rotor curve as its conjugate. The calculation method used to determine the displacement of the cycloid rotor flowmeter is discussed. A prototype was fabricated, and experiments were performed to confirm measurements over a flow range of 1\u2013100 L\/min with relative errors of less than \u00b10.5%. The pressure loss through the flowmeter was about 3 bar at a flow rate of 100 L\/min.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s140815480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]],"date-time":"2014-08-21T11:00:23Z","timestamp":1408618823000},"page":"15480-15495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A High-Pressure Bi-Directional Cycloid Rotor Flowmeter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shuo","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zaipeng","family":"Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucier, P.E., Fronczak, F.J., and Beachley, N.H. (1995). Positive Displacement Calibration for Laboratory Flowmeters, International Off-Highway and Powerplant Congress and Exposition. No. 952093.","key":"ref_1","DOI":"10.4271\/952093"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2013.05.001","article-title":"Development of Coriolis mass flowmeter with digital drive and signal processing technology","volume":"52","author":"Hou","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISA Trans."},{"unstructured":"Su, Y.X., Liang, G.W., and Sheng, J. (2007). Measurement and Test of Flow, China Measure. [2nd].","key":"ref_3"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"055306","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-0233\/24\/5\/055306","article-title":"Flow measurement of liquid hydrocarbons with positive displacement meters: The correction for slippage","volume":"24","author":"Montalvo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"47","article-title":"Positive displacement flowmeters: High performance\u2014with a little care","volume":"29","author":"Hendrix","year":"1982","journal-title":"Instrum. Technol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1177\/014233128500700405","article-title":"Positive-displacement meters for liquids","volume":"7","author":"Baker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Meas. Control"},{"unstructured":"Zhang, J. (2010, January 30\u201331). The theoretical research on the third planet gear flowmeter for hydraulic system. Macao, China.","key":"ref_7"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00814373","article-title":"Effect of a high-speed flow on the error of a liquid meter with oval gears","volume":"17","author":"Kiyasbeili","year":"1974","journal-title":"Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00817807","article-title":"Increasing the life of liquid meters with oval gears","volume":"18","author":"Farzane","year":"1975","journal-title":"Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/00986440902938469","article-title":"Oil-water two-phase flow measurement using a venture meter and an oval gear flow meter","volume":"197","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Commun."},{"unstructured":"Schumacher, J.A. (1996). Volume sensor for liquids using toothed meter wheels. (U.S. Patent 5,559,288).","key":"ref_11"},{"unstructured":"Lopresti, W.J. (1987). Bearing-less positive displacement flowmeter. (U.S. Patent 4,641,522).","key":"ref_12"},{"unstructured":"Flow Measurement Technology Productcatalogue VS Series. Available online: http:\/\/wwwvse-flow.com\/.","key":"ref_13"},{"unstructured":"Volker, B.K. (1998). Performance prediction model for positive displacement helical screw flowmeters. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Glamorgan].","key":"ref_14"},{"unstructured":"Foran, C.D. (1994). Double helical flowmeter. (U.S. Patent 5,415,041).","key":"ref_15"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"011005","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4004423","article-title":"Design of rotor for internal gear pump using cycloid and circular-arc curves","volume":"134","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mech. Des."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"43","article-title":"Development of high efficiency internal gear pump rotor \u201cgeocloid rotor\u201d","volume":"74","author":"Yoshida","year":"2012","journal-title":"SEI Tech. Rev."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-008-0055-3","article-title":"Gear geometry of cycloid drives","volume":"51","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci. China Ser. E"},{"unstructured":"Feng, B. (2011). Study on Effective Fluid Bulk Modulus and Measurement in Hydraulic Systems. [Ph.D. Thesis, Zhejiang University].","key":"ref_19"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/14\/8\/15480\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:15:05Z","timestamp":1760217305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/14\/8\/15480"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["s140815480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s140815480","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]]}}}