{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T04:40:54Z","timestamp":1784781654956,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,17]],"date-time":"2014-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Chinese National Science Foundation","award":["61231006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61231006"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Technologies R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2012BAH36B01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAH36B01"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["3132014329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3132014329"]}]},{"name":"the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["2014025002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014025002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A new position estimation method by using the signals from two automatic identification system (AIS) stations is proposed in this paper. The time of arrival (TOA) method is enhanced with the displacement correction, so that the vessel\u2019s position can be determined even for the situation where it can receive the signals from only two AIS base stations. Its implementation scheme based on the mathematical model is presented. Furthermore, performance analysis is carried out to illustrate the relation between the positioning errors and the displacement vector provided by auxiliary sensors. Finally, the positioning method is verified and its performance is evaluated by simulation. The results show that the positioning accuracy is acceptable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s140917376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,17]],"date-time":"2014-09-17T10:53:17Z","timestamp":1410951197000},"page":"17376-17389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Novel Position Estimation Method Based on Displacement Correction in AIS"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shufang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongkai","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Ward, N., Shaw, G., Williams, P., and Grant, A. 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