{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T22:00:21Z","timestamp":1761948021877,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,6]],"date-time":"2015-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009-0081059, 2013R1A1A2061847"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009-0081059, 2013R1A1A2061847"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004083","name":"Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14-824-09-003","NIPA-2014-CAU"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14-824-09-003","NIPA-2014-CAU"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a fast adaptive image restoration method for removing spatially varying out-of-focus blur of a general imaging sensor. After estimating the parameters of space-variant point-spread-function (PSF) using the derivative in each uniformly blurred region, the proposed method performs spatially adaptive image restoration by selecting the optimal restoration filter according to the estimated blur parameters. Each restoration filter is implemented in the form of a combination of multiple FIR filters, which guarantees the fast image restoration without the need of iterative or recursive processing. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing space-invariant restoration methods in the sense of both objective and subjective performance measures. The proposed algorithm can be employed to a wide area of image restoration applications, such as mobile imaging devices, robot vision, and satellite image processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s150100880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,6]],"date-time":"2015-01-06T09:11:06Z","timestamp":1420535466000},"page":"880-898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Fast Image Restoration for Spatially Varying Defocus Blur of Imaging Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hejin","family":"Cheong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eunjung","family":"Chae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eunsung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gwanghyun","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8593-7155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joonki","family":"Paik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Image, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6108","DOI":"10.3390\/s8096108","article-title":"Spectral-Based Blind Image Restoration Method for Thin TOMBO Imagers","volume":"8","author":"Boussaid","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3627","DOI":"10.3390\/s120303627","article-title":"Scattering Removal for Finger Vein Image Restoration","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6712","DOI":"10.3390\/s120506712","article-title":"Blurred Star Image Processing for Star Sensors under Dynamic Conditions","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12271","DOI":"10.3390\/s140712271","article-title":"A New Quantitative Method for the Non-Invasive Documentation of Morphological Damage in Painting Using RTI Surface Normals","volume":"14","author":"Manfredi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.1973.5009169","article-title":"The application of constrained least squares estimation to image restoration by digital computer","volume":"22","author":"Hunt","year":"1973","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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