{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T19:57:52Z","timestamp":1773950272730,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,30]],"date-time":"2015-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aquatic debris monitoring is of great importance to human health, aquatic habitats and water transport. In this paper, we first introduce the prototype of an aquatic sensor node equipped with an embedded camera sensor. Based on this sensing platform, we propose a fast and accurate debris detection algorithm. Our method is specifically designed based on compressive sensing theory to give full consideration to the unique challenges in aquatic environments, such as waves, swaying reflections, and tight energy budget. To upload debris images, we use an efficient sparse recovery algorithm in which only a few linear measurements need to be transmitted for image reconstruction. Besides, we implement the host software and test the debris detection algorithm on realistically deployed aquatic sensor nodes. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach is reliable and feasible for debris detection using camera sensors in aquatic environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s150203116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,30]],"date-time":"2015-01-30T10:08:29Z","timestamp":1422612509000},"page":"3116-3137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Aquatic Debris Detection Using Embedded Camera Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences,  Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Dianhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences,  Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Department of Geological Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Engineering Sciences, Wuhan 430200, China"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geological Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Engineering Sciences, Wuhan 430200, China"}]},{"given":"Dapeng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences,  Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Wu","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences,  Wuhan 430074, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/water.epa.gov\/type\/oceb\/marinedebris\/md_impacts.cfm."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/www.china.com.cn\/news\/txt\/2007-07\/12\/content_8514801.htm."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/www.unep.org\/regionalseas\/marinelitter\/publications\/."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1109\/48.972073","article-title":"Seaglider: A long-range autonomous underwater vehicle for oceanographic research","volume":"26","author":"Eriksen","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE J. 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