{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:16:15Z","timestamp":1760217375859,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0852581","1028440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0852581","1028440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical resonant cavity sensors are gaining increasing interest as a potential diagnostic method for a range of applications, including medical prognostics and environmental monitoring. However, the majority of detection demonstrations to date have involved identifying a \u201cknown\u201d analyte, and the more rigorous double-blind experiment,  in which the experimenter must identify unknown solutions, has yet to be performed. This scenario is more representative of a real-world situation. Therefore, before these devices can truly transition, it is necessary to demonstrate this level of robustness. By combining a recently developed surface chemistry with integrated silica optical sensors, we have  performed a double-blind experiment to identify four unknown solutions. The four unknown solutions represented a subset or complete set of four known solutions; as such, there were 256 possible combinations. Based on the single molecule detection signal, we  correctly identified all solutions. In addition, as part of this work, we developed noise reduction algorithms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s150306324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T11:17:39Z","timestamp":1426504659000},"page":"6324-6341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Label-Free, Single Molecule Resonant Cavity Detection:  A Double-Blind Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Chistiakova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,  University of Southern California, 3651 Watt Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ce","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,  University of Southern California, 3651 Watt Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Armani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,  University of Southern California, 3651 Watt Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1021\/ac2029024","article-title":"High-Q optical sensors for chemical and biological analysis","volume":"84","author":"Luchansky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. 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