{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T14:16:11Z","timestamp":1761401771515,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]],"date-time":"2015-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A precision positioning system with energy efficiency is of great necessity for guaranteeing personnel safety in underground mines. The location information of the miners\u2019 should be transmitted to the control center timely and reliably; therefore, a heterogeneous network with the backbone based on high speed Industrial Ethernet is deployed. Since the mobile wireless nodes are working in an irregular tunnel, a specific wireless propagation model cannot fit all situations. In this paper, an underground localization system is designed to enable the adaptation to kinds of harsh tunnel environments, but also to reduce the energy consumption and thus prolong the lifetime of the network. Three key techniques are developed and implemented to improve the system performance, including a step counting algorithm with accelerometers, a power control algorithm and an adaptive packets scheduling scheme. The simulation study and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and the implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s150612358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]],"date-time":"2015-05-26T11:07:05Z","timestamp":1432638425000},"page":"12358-12376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An Energy-Efficient Underground Localization System Based on Heterogeneous Wireless Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yazhou","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai 201100, China"}]},{"given":"Cailian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai 201100, China"}]},{"given":"Xinping","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai 201100, China"},{"name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, 438 Hebei Street Haigang District, Qinhuangdao 066000, China"}]},{"given":"Qiuling","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, 438 Hebei Street Haigang District, Qinhuangdao 066000, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Pang, Q., and Lu, Y. (2011, January 15\u201317). Design application on ERP system of coal mine safety. 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