{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T20:01:36Z","timestamp":1762459296879,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,20]],"date-time":"2015-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the increasing abundance of technologies and smart devices, equipped with a multitude of sensors for sensing the environment around them, information creation and consumption has now become effortless. This, in particular, is the case for photographs with vast amounts being created and shared every day. For example, at the time of this writing, Instagram users upload 70 million photographs a day. Nevertheless, it still remains a challenge to discover the \u201cright\u201d information for the appropriate purpose. This paper describes an approach to create semantic geospatial metadata for photographs, which can facilitate photograph search and discovery. To achieve this we have developed and implemented a semantic geospatial data model by which a photograph can be enrich with geospatial metadata extracted from several geospatial data sources based on the raw  low-level geo-metadata from a smartphone photograph. We present the details of our method and implementation for searching and querying the semantic geospatial metadata repository to enable a user or third party system to find the information they are looking for.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s150717470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,20]],"date-time":"2015-07-20T09:56:54Z","timestamp":1437386214000},"page":"17470-17482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Geospatial Semantic Enrichment and Query Service for Geotagged Photographs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Ennis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing and Mathematics, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT370QB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0882-7902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Nugent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing and Mathematics, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT370QB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Morrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing and Information Engineering, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT521SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Montfort University, Leicester LE19BH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Ioannidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN2 Search Interfaces Development Ltd., 22 Forth Street, Edinburgh EH13LH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandru","family":"Stan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN2 Search Interfaces Development Ltd., 22 Forth Street, Edinburgh EH13LH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preslav","family":"Rachev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN2 Search Interfaces Development Ltd., 22 Forth Street, Edinburgh EH13LH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Yang, J. 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(March, January 24). On Improving Geotag Quality in Photo Collections. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Advanced Geographic Information Systems Applications and Services, Nice, France."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"IN2 Search Interfaces Development Ltd. FollowThePlace. Available online:http:\/\/followtheplace.com."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ennis, A., Chen, L., Nugent, C., Ioannidis, G., and Stan, A. (2013). A System for Real-Time High-Level Geo-Information Extraction and Fusion for Geocoded Photos. Proc. Int. Conf. Adv. Mob. Comput. Multimed.","DOI":"10.1145\/2536853.2536888"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPCC-09-2013-0026","article-title":"High-level geospatial information discovery and fusion for geocoded multimedia","volume":"9","author":"Ennis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pervasive Comput. Commun."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"IN2 Search Interfaces Development Ltd. CityPulse. Available online:http:\/\/labs.in-two.com\/citypulse."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Yahoo Yahoo! Webscope\u2014Yahoo! Flickr Creative Commons 100M-YFCC-100M. Available online:http:\/\/research.yahoo.com\/Academic_Relations."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/15\/7\/17470\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:49:25Z","timestamp":1760215765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/15\/7\/17470"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,20]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["s150717470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s150717470","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,20]]}}}