{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:15:23Z","timestamp":1760217323363,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,5]],"date-time":"2015-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents preliminary polarization measurements and systematic-error characterization of the Thirty Gigahertz Instrument receiver developed for the QUIJOTE experiment. The instrument has been designed to measure the polarization of Cosmic Microwave Background radiation from the sky, obtaining the Q, U, and I Stokes parameters of the incoming signal simultaneously. Two kinds of linearly polarized input signals have been used as excitations in the polarimeter measurement tests in the laboratory; these show consistent results in terms of the Stokes parameters obtained. A measurement-based systematic-error characterization technique has been used in order to determine the possible sources of instrumental errors and to assist in the polarimeter calibration process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s150819124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]],"date-time":"2015-08-18T05:43:13Z","timestamp":1439876593000},"page":"19124-19139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Thirty Gigahertz Instrument Receiver for the QUIJOTE Experiment: Preliminary Polarization Measurements and Systematic-Error Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-5843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Casas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica de Cantabria (IFCA), Avda. Los Castros s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica de Cantabria (IFCA), Avda. Los Castros s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Cagigas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Aja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Ter\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Fuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Artal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Ingenier\u00eda de Comunicaciones (DICOM), Universidad de Cantabria,  Plaza de la Ciencia s\/n, Santander 39005, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Hoyland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Astrof\u00edsica de Canarias (IAC), V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea s\/n, La Laguna 38205, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"G\u00e9nova-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Astrof\u00edsica de Canarias (IAC), V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea s\/n, La Laguna 38205, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1086\/148307","article-title":"A Measurement of Excess Antenna Temperature at 4080 Mc\/s","volume":"142","author":"Penzias","year":"1965","journal-title":"Astrophys. 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