{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T01:37:11Z","timestamp":1772588231884,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,4]],"date-time":"2015-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, vertically aligned Pt nanowire arrays (PtNWA) with different lengths and surface roughnesses were fabricated and their electrochemical performance toward hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection was studied. The nanowire arrays were synthesized by electroplating Pt in nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. Different parameters, such as current density and deposition time, were precisely controlled to synthesize nanowires with different surface roughnesses and various lengths from 3 \u03bcm to 12 \u03bcm. The PtNWA electrodes showed better performance than the conventional electrodes modified by Pt nanowires randomly dispersed on the electrode surface. The results indicate that both the length and surface roughness can affect the sensing performance of vertically aligned Pt nanowire array electrodes. Generally, longer nanowires with rougher surfaces showed better electrochemical sensing performance. The 12 \u03bcm rough surface PtNWA presented the largest sensitivity (654 \u03bcA\u00b7mM\u22121\u00b7cm\u22122) among all the nanowires studied, and showed a limit of detection of 2.4 \u03bcM. The 12 \u03bcm rough surface PtNWA electrode also showed good anti-interference property from chemicals that are typically present in the biological samples such as ascorbic, uric acid, citric acid, and glucose.  The sensing performance in real samples (river water) was tested and good recovery was observed. These Nafion-free, vertically aligned Pt nanowires with surface roughness control show great promise as versatile electrochemical sensors and biosensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s150922473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T11:59:54Z","timestamp":1441713594000},"page":"22473-22489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Effects of Nanowire Length and Surface Roughness on the Electrochemical Sensor Properties of Nafion-Free, Vertically Aligned Pt Nanowire Array Electrodes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhiyang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}]},{"given":"Calvin","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)02197-9","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide in the human body","volume":"486","author":"Halliwell","year":"2000","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1997.0126","article-title":"Photochemical elimination of phenols and cod in industrial wastewaters","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Water Sci. 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