{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T14:51:44Z","timestamp":1775227904852,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]],"date-time":"2015-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The integration of the Strapdown Inertial Navigation System and Global Navigation Satellite System (SINS\/GNSS) has been implemented for land-based gravimetry and has been proven to perform well in estimating gravity. Based on the mGal-level gravimetry results, this research aims to construct and develop a land-based SINS\/GNSS gravimetry device containing a navigation-grade Inertial Measurement Unit. This research also presents a feasibility analysis for groundwater resource detection. A preliminary comparison of the kinematic velocities and accelerations using multi-combination of GNSS data including Global Positioning System, Global Navigation Satellite System, and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, indicates that three-system observations performed better than two-system data in the computation. A comparison of gravity derived from SINS\/GNSS and measured using a relative gravimeter also shows that both agree reasonably well with a mean difference of 2.30 mGal. The mean difference between repeat measurements of gravity disturbance using SINS\/GNSS is 2.46 mGal with a standard deviation of 1.32 mGal. The gravity variation because of the groundwater at Pingtung Plain, Taiwan could reach 2.72 mGal. Hence, the developed land-based SINS\/GNSS gravimetry can sufficiently and effectively detect groundwater resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s151025039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]],"date-time":"2015-09-29T11:05:55Z","timestamp":1443524755000},"page":"25039-25054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Feasibility Analysis of Land-Based SINS\/GNSS Gravimetry for Groundwater Resource Detection in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kai-Wei","family":"Chiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-An","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3449-995X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chung-Yen","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Taiwan Central Weather Bureau, Available online: http:\/\/www.cwb.gov.tw\/eng\/index.htm."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Water Resources Agency, Taiwan Ministry of Economic Affairs, Available online: http:\/\/eng.wra.gov.tw\/lp.asp?ctNode=6299&amp;CtUnit=1177&amp;BaseDSD=43."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Chandler, V.W. 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